Figure 1.
Cysteine anabolism and catabolism pathways. Cysteine is either imported or generated from methionine in the transsulfuration pathway. Cysteine is the rate‐limiting substrate for GSH synthesis. Cysteine degradation proceeds via formation of CSA or H2S to sulfate and taurine or sulfate and thiosulfate respectively. Terminal products are underlined. The shapes of the enzymes involved are depicted according to the crystal structures available. CBS, 1M54; CDO, 2IC1; CSAD, 2JIS; CSE, 2NMP; PDO, 4CHL; GCL, glutamate cysteine ligase, 3LVW; GSS, GSH synthetase, 1M0T; GOT1/2, 3II0/5AX8; IMS, intermembrane space; MPST, 4JGT; SQR, 3H8L; SO, 1SOX; TST, 1RHD.