Table 1.
Descriptive summary of selected studies (1980‐2018)
| Author | Sample | Intervention | Duration | Outcome | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of patients in I and C | Type and stage of cancer | Age, y (M ± SD or %) | Married (%) | Type | Format | Dose (h) | Intervention | Follow‐up (M) | Survival = HR (95% Cl) | |
| Spiegel (1989) |
I = 50 C = 36 |
Breast, metastatic | 54.6 ± 10.2 | 62.5 | SEGT | Group | 78 | 1 y | 10 y | 0.51 (0.31, 0.83) |
| Cunningham (1998) |
I = 30 C = 36 |
Breast, metastatic | 49.5 ± 13 | 74 | CBT | Group | 84 | 35 wk | 5 y | 0.76 (0.43, 1.35) |
| Edelman (1999) |
I = 43 C = 49 |
Breast, metastatic | 50 ± 8.5 | 70.5 | CBT | Group | 50 | 6 mo | 5 y | 1.32 (0.84, 2.08) |
| McCorkle (2000) |
I = 190 C = 185 |
Various types in various stages | ≥65 = 66% | 65.1 | Supportive | Individual | 12 | 4 wk | 4 y | 0.49 (0.32, 0.74) |
| Goodwin (2001) |
I = 158 C = 77 |
Breast, metastatic | 49.5 ± 10.3 | 71.6 | SEGT | Group | 78 | 1 y | 7 y | 1.23 (0.88, 1.72) |
| Kuchler (2007) |
I = 136 C = 135 |
Gastrointestinal in various stages | 56.8 ± 10.6 | 71.2 | Psychoeducational | Individual | ≥ every second day | During hospital stay | 10 y | 0.69 (0.52, 0.92) |
| Spiegel (2007) |
I = 64 C = 61 |
Breast, metastatic | 53.1 ± 10.6 | 57 | SEGT | Group | 78 | 1 y | 14 y | 0.93 (0.62, 1.40) |
| Andersen (2008) |
I = 114 C = 113 |
Breast, stage II and III | ≥ 50 = 51% | 73.5 | CBT | Group | 39 | 1 y | 11 y | 0.44 (0.22, 0.86) |
| Bakitas (2009) |
I = 161 C = 161 |
Various types with approximately 1 y | 64.7 ± 10.8 | 65.2 | Psychoeducational | Group | ≥43 | 36 mo | 15 mo | 0.67 (0.50, 0.91) |
| Ross (2009) |
I = 125 C = 124 |
Colorectal in different stages | 68.8 | 60.5 | Supportive | Individual | 15 | 10 visits | 8 y | 0.68 (0.42, 1.09) |
| Temel (2010) |
I = 77 C = 74 |
Non‐small‐cell lung, metastatic | 64.9 ± 9.7 | 61.5 | Supportive | Individual | Till the end | 12 wk | 6 mo | 0.58 (0.40, 0.87) |
| Stagl (2015) |
I = 120 C = 120 |
Breast, 0‐IIIB | 49.7 ± 9.0 | 62.5 | CBT | Group | 15 | 10 wk | 11 y | 0.21 (0.05, 0.93) |
C, control group; CBT, cognitive‐behavioral therapy; I, intervention group; SEGT, supportive‐expressive group therapy.