Table 5.

Functional Capacity, Symptoms, and Quality of Life at Baseline and 6 and 12 Months After Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation in Veterans With HF and COPD, Combined, by Mortality Group.

Variable	Time Point			Wald χ2		p Value
	Baseline (Mean ± SD)	6 Months (Mean ± SD)	12 Months (Mean ± SD)	Groupa	Group × Timeb	Groupa	Group × Timeb
Functional capacity
6MWD (m)				2.36	1.13	.12	.29
Total	354.69 ± 117.39	343.17 ± 113.89	314.29 ± 131.29
Alive at 12 months	367.28 ± 113.48	349.62 ± 131.62	314.29 ± 131.29
Dead at 12 months	225.70 ± 73.13	192.63 ± 110.74	—
Total steps/24 hr				1.37	0.89	.24	.34
Total	5,337.27 ± 3,053.33	5,244.92 ± 3,120.10	5,327.00 ± 3,324.02
Alive at 12 months	5,551.47 ± 3,077.57	5,327.79 ± 3,154.98	5,327.00 ± 3,324.02
Dead at 12 months	3,141.74 ± 1,699.58	3,558.53 ± 611.42	—
Symptoms
COPD Dyspnea Scale				3.99	0.76	.04	.38
Total	3.02 ± 1.40	2.69 ± 1.36	2.85 ± 1.58
Alive at 12 months	2.90 ± 1.38	2.67 ± 1.32	2.85 ± 1.58
Dead at 12 months	4.25 ± 0.93	3.17 ± 2.27	—
Quality of life
SF-36 V, PCS				0.29	0.54	.59	.46
Total	31.96 ± 8.19	32.83 ± 10.27	32.02 ± 10.99
Alive at 12 months	32.63 ± 7.95	33.35 ± 10.06	32.02 ± 10.99
Dead at 12 months	25.12 ± 7.84	19.96 ± 7.56	—
SF-36 V, MCS				5.92	11.84	.02	.001
Total	48.84 ± 11.81	51.47 ± 11.67	50.04 ± 11.53
Alive at 12 months	49.11 ± 12.06	51.20 ± 11.81	50.04 ± 11.53
Dead at 12 months	46.06 ± 9.08	58.05 ± 3.46	—
SF-36 V, physical function				5.04	1.08	.025	.29
Total	38.63 ± 20.68	43.53 ± 23.55	41.76 ± 25.00
Alive at 12 months	40.27 ± 20.70	44.67 ± 22.90	41.76 ± 25.00
Dead at 12 months	21.85 ± 11.31	15.00 ± 25.98	—
SF-36 V, general health				0.33	2.33	.57	.12
Total	46.69 ± 18.41	48.67 ± 20.88	48.89 ± 20.58
Alive at 12 months	48.44 ± 17.85	50.16 ± 19.72	48.89 ± 20.58
Dead at 12 months	28.50 ± 14.82	11.67 ± 16.07	—
Cardiopulmonary function
FEV1				4.65	2.23	.03	.14
Total	39.85 ± 19.20	41.82 ± 22.35	44.62 ± 20.87
Alive at 12 months	40.83 ± 19.58	42.49 ± 22.49	44.62 ± 20.87
Dead at 12 months	29.75 ± 11.18	25.50 ± 3.53	—
NT-proBNP				1.15	2.79	.28	.09
Total	1,086.28 ± 2,013.60	727.10 ± 2,013.60	708.86 ± 1,124.69
Alive at 12 months	985.93 ± 1,913.75	722.55 ± 968.84	708.86 ± 1,124.69
Dead at 12 months	2,114.88 ± 2,800.81	863.50 ± 775.70	—
Self-efficacy
Self-efficacy exercise				0.30	0.14	.59	.71
Total	6.44 ± 2.33	5.63 ± 2.45	5.28 ± 2.89
Alive at 12 months	6.61 ± 2.24	5.72 ± 2.42	5.28 ± 2.89
Dead at 12 months	4.67 ± 2.62	3.22 ± 2.14	—
Self-efficacy walking				4.02	0.45	.05	.83
Total	2.82 ± 2.42	3.82 ± 3.08	3.20 ± 2.92
Alive at 12 months	2.96 ± 2.48	3.92 ± 3.09	3.20 ± 2.92
Dead at 12 months	1.38 ± .92	1.33 ± 1.53	—

Note. Total N = 90; alive at 12 months = 82; dead at 12 months = 8. 6MWD = 6-min walk distance; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HF = heart failure; FEV₁ = forced expiratory volume in 1 s; MCS = mental component score; NT-proBNP = N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; PCS = physical component score; SF-36 V = Short-Form 36–Veterans version.

^aGroup differences between those who were alive at 12 months compared with those who had died by 12 months. ^bDead and alive Trajectory × Time.