Table 3.
List of the enzymes/genes identified in 3S polluted system involved in heavy metal resistance and transport/regulation of macronutrients and their taxonomic affiliations
| Macronutrients | Enzymes/genes | Microorganisms |
|---|---|---|
| Sulfur | Sulfite reductase (NADPH) beta subunit (hemoprotein); sulfate permease and related transporters (MFS superfamily); GTPases-sulfate adenylate transferase subunit 1; bifunctional sulfate adenylyltransferase subunit 1/adenylylsulfate kinase protein; taurine transporter subunit 1; Alkanesulfonate transporter substrate-binding subunit; Anaerobic sulfite reductase subunit B; sulfate transport system, permease protein; sulfonate transport system substrate binding protein; CysN/CysC bifunctional enzyme, ATP-sulfurylase lage subunit and adenylyl sulfate kinase; ABC CysA domain of the sulfate transporter; aliphatic sulfonate transport, ATP-binding subunit; C-terminal substrate binding domain of LysR transcriptional regulator, CysL; alkanesulfonate monooxygenase; sulfate/thiosulfate transporter | Ensifer, Alkalilimnicola, Chelatococcus, Comamonadaceae bacterium A1, Pseudomonas, Starkeya, Dokdonella, Stenotrophomonas, Pelagibaca, Rubrobacter |
| Nitrogen | Ferredoxin nitrite reductase; nitrite reductase (NADH) small subunit; glutamate synthase (NADPH/NADH) large chain; ABC domain of nitrate and sulfonate transporters; nitrate transport ATP-binding subunit; signal transduction histidine kinase involved in nitrogen fixation and metabolism regulation; nitrate/nitrite sensor protein, NarX; C-terminal substrate binding domain of LysR nitrogen assimilation control (NAC) | Ensifer, Sphingopyxis, Methylobacterium, Achromobacter, Stenotrophomonas, Pelagibaca, Blastococcus |
| Phosphorus | Polyphosphate kinase; ABC-type phosphonate transport system, ATPase component; phosphonate C-P lyase system protein PhnK; PTS-HPR, phosphocarrier protein; inorganic phosphate transporter, PiT family; ABC domain of the phosphate transport system, PstB subunit; phosphonate ABC transporter; phosphonate/organophosphate ester transporter subunit; phosphonate C-P lyase system protein PhnL | Thermovibrio, Roseomonas, Achromobacter, Cutibacterium, Luteibacter, Stenotrophomonas, Pelagibaca |
| Sodium, magnesium and multiple Cations transport | Mg2+ and Co2+ transporter, CorB; magnesium transporter, CorA; NatA, ATpase component of bacterial ABC-type Na+ transport system; solute carrier family 10 (sodium/bile acid co-transporter), member 7; phosphate/sulfate permeases; ABC-type nitrate/sulfonate/bicarbonate transport system, permease component; ABC-type nitrate/sulfonate/bicarbonate transport system, periplasmic components; cation transport ATPase | Stenotrophomonas, Pseudomonas, Pelagibaca, Oceanimonas, Luteibacter, Comamonadaceae bacterium A1, Micrococcus, Sphingomonas |
| Metal resistance/transport genes | ||
| Iron | ABC-type Fe3+ transport system, permease component; outer membrane receptor proteins, mostly Fe transport; ABC-type Fe2+-enterobactin transport system, periplasmic component; iron-hydroxamate transporter, ATP-binding subunit; ABC-type iron transport system, FetAB, ATPase component; ABC-type enterochelin transport system, ATPase component; ABC-type siderophore export system, fused ATPase and permease components | Ochrobactrum, Pseudomonas, Rhodovulum, Pelagibaca |
| Nickel | ABC-type dipeptide/oligopeptide/nickel transport system, permease components; nickel import ATP-binding protein, NikE subunit; NikD, nickel import ATP-binding protein | Pseudothermotoga, Catenulispora, Brachybacterium, Pelagibaca, Stenotrophomonas |
| Cobalt, cadmium, lead, zinc, mercury | Zinc/cadmium/mecury/lead transporting ATPase; cobalt-zinc-cadmium resistance protein, CzcA; Cd2+/Zn2+-exporting ATPase; Domain I of the ABC component of cobalt transport system; domain II of the ABC component of cobalt transport family, CbiO protein; high-affinity zinc transporter ATPase; Helix-Turn-Helix (HTH) DNA binding domain of CadR and PbrR transcription regulators; Cd(II)/Pb(II)-responsive transcriptional activator of the proteobacterial metal efflux system; HTH DNA binding domain of the heavy metal resistance transcription regulators (MerR1, CueR, CadR, PbrR, ZntR and other related protein); CueR and ActP HTH transcription regulator; MerR1 HTH transcriptional regulator | Micrococcus, Sphingomonas, Achromobacter, Stenotrophomonas, Pelagibaca, Sphingobium |
| Manganese, molybdenum, silver, copper | Mn2+/Fe2+ transporters of the NRAMP family; putative silver efflux pump; manganese transport protein (MntH); Cu+-exporting ATPase, CopA ATP7; Cu2+-exporting ATPase, CopB; ABC domain of molybdenum transport system, ModC; ABC-type molybdenum transport system. ATPase component/photorepair protein PhrA | Pseudomonas geniculata, Microbacterium, Candidatus solibacter, Nitrobacter, Achromobacter, Propionibacterium, Confluentimicrobium, Stenotrophomonas, Pelagibaca |