Table 1.
Clinical features and outcomes of Mycoplasma infection-associated immune thrombocytopenia
| Case | Age (yrs) Sex | Clinical Presentation | Platelets on admission (×103 cells/l) | Mycoplasma testing | Complications | Treatment | Time to platelets >150 (×103 cells/l) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current case | 24, Male | Petechiae and purpura, odynophagia and serous rhinorrhoea 2 weeks previously | 3 | IgM 29.9 | Epistaxis, gingival haemorrhage, haematuria, haemolacria, anaemia and headache | Methylprednisolone, IVIG, prednisolone, rituximab, clarithromicin | 28 days |
| Tsai et al.[5] | 0,7, Female | Cough, fever, dyspnoea (pneumonia) and petechiae | 14 | Complement fixation test 1:4; cold agglutinin 1:128 | None | Prednisolone, minocycline | 14 days |
| Miller et al.[6] | 44, Male | Cough, fever (pneumonia), haematuria | 7 | Complement fixation test 1:4 to 1:32; cold agglutinin 1:128 | Brain stem haemorrhage, death on day 14 | Erythromycin, cefotaxime, amikacin, methylprednisolone | Never |
| Veenhoven et al.[7] | 17, Male | Cough, fever, dyspnoea (pneumonia) and petechiae | 25 | Complement fixation test 1:64; IgM+cold agglutinin 32–256 | None | Prednisolone, erythromycin | 3 months |
| Beattie[8] | 4, Male | Cough, fever (pneumonia) | 4 | IgM 80–320 | Purpura, epistaxis and haematuria | IGIV | Not mentioned, 42×103 cells/l on day 5 |
| Pugliese et al.[9] | 7, Male | Sinusitis, fever | <18 | ELISA 1.01; cold agglutinin 1:64 | Headache, vomiting, diarrhoea | Ceftriaxone, erythromycin, prednisone | 14 days |
| Isoyama et al.[10] | 8, Male | Rhinorrhoea, cough, epistaxis, petechiae and haematoma of the skin | 2 | ELISA 4 to >1.5; 3 positive cultures | Epistaxis, haematuria and haematochezia | Prednisone, IVIG | 14 days |
| Venkatesan et al. [11] | 21, Male | Cough, fever (pneumonia), purpura, haemoptysis, haematuria and haematochezia | 6 | Complement fixation test 1:8000; total anti-mycoplasma 1:5120 | Intracranial haemorrhage; death on day 2 | Cefotaxime, methylprednisolone, erythromycin | Never |
| Scimeca and James-Herry[12] | 7, Male | Otitis media, fever | 5 | Mycoplasma pneumoniae titre and antibody | Petechiae | Amoxicillin, erythromycin, prednisone | 1 week |
| Okoli et al.[13] | 64, Female | Cough, dyspnoea, epistaxis, purpura and bruising | 3 | IgM+cold agglutinin | None | Moxifloxacin, dexamethasone 40 mg | 3 months |
| Aviner et al.[14] | 7, Female | Cough, fever (pneumonia), petechiae and purpura | 2 | IgM+total anti-mycoplasma 1:64 | Haemoptysis | IVIG, prednisolone, clarithromycin | 2 months |