Table 4.

Coefficients and exponents for three scaling power laws in epicardial, transmural, and perfusion arteriolar trees of CHF and control

Scaling power laws		CHF			Control
		Epi	Trans	Perf	Epi	Trans	Perf
Least-squares fit of X values in normalized scaling power laws
Volume-diameter scaling law	XVD	4.25 ± 1.50*	3.30 ± 0.17	3.16 ± 0.11	3.79 ± 0.80	3.19 ± 0.16	3.07 ± 0.09
	R2	0.56	0.91	0.83	0.82	0.92	0.88
Length-volume scaling law	XLV	0.75 ± 0.11	0.71 ± 0.03	0.68 ± 0.01	0.75 ± 0.06	0.68 ± 0.02	0.72 ± 0.01
	R2	0.88	0.95	0.97	0.96	0.95	0.99
Flow-diameter scaling law	XQD	3.15 ± 1.49*	2.26 ± 0.15	2.09 ± 0.12	2.69 ± 0.69	2.10 ± 0.13	2.19 ± 0.11
	R2	0.54	0.85	0.69	0.75	0.88	0.74
Least-squares fit of K values with X equal to theoretical values
Volume-diameter scaling law	KVD	6.50 ± 2.50*	10.10 ± 1.80*	11.40 ± 1.90*	9.80 ± 3.30	12.10 ± 1.60	15.40 ± 1.70
	R2	0.56	0.91	0.83	0.82	0.92	0.88
Length-volume scaling law	KLV	103.00 ± 1.60*	2330.00 ± 1.50*	35263.00 ± 1.20	131.00 ± 1.40	4640.00 ± 1.30	34587.00 ± 1.20
	R2	0.88	0.95	0.97	0.96	0.95	0.99
Flow-diameter scaling law	KQD	2.40 ± 2.80*	5.70 ± 1.70*	16.70 ± 1.90	4.80 ± 1.90	19.60 ± 1.60	16.90 ± 1.90
	R2	0.54	0.85	0.69	0.75	0.88	0.74

Values are means ± SD. Coefficients and exponents are shown for length-volume, volume-diameter, and flow-diameter scaling power laws in epicardial arterial trees (orders 9–11), transmural arterial trees (orders 5–8), and perfusion arteriolar trees (orders 1–4) of CHF and control groups (ages before surgery: ∼4.5 mo).

^*Statistical difference between CHF and control (2-way ANOVA).