Table 1.
Participant characteristics by incident CVD status (N = 2726).
| No CVD (N = 1824) | CVD (N = 902) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age - mean (SE) | 55.1 (0.2) | 58.2 (0.3) |
| Female - % (SE) | 60.9 (1.1) | 55.8 (1.7) |
| Education - % (SE) | ||
| No high school | 14.7 (0.8) | 22.1 (1.4) |
| Some high school | 22.4 (1.0) | 25.5 (1.5) |
| Completed high school | 62.9 (1.1) | 52.4 (1.7) |
| < 12 years | 37.1 (1.1) | 47.6 (1.7) |
| Smoking - % (SE) | ||
| Current | 36.2 (1.1) | 40.9 (1.6) |
| Former | 33.0 (1.1) | 32.8 (1.6) |
| Never | 30.8 (1.1) | 26.3 (1.5) |
| Alcohol - % (SE) | ||
| Current | 45.6 (1.2) | 37.5 (1.6) |
| Former | 39.8 (1.1) | 46.6 (1.7) |
| Never | 14.4 (0.8) | 16.0 (1.2) |
| BMI - mean (SE) | 30.0 (0.1) | 31.1 (0.2) |
| SBP - mean (SE) | 123.7 (0.4) | 130.9 (0.6) |
| Hypertensive - % (SE) | 29.7 (1.1) | 47.5 (1.7) |
| LDL - mean (SE) | 118.4 (0.8) | 123.3 (1.1) |
| eGFR - mean (SE) | 98.6 (0.4) | 95.2 (0.6) |
| Diabetes - % (SE) | 34.3 (1.1) | 58.3 (1.6) |
| aUrinary Cd µg/L | 1.09 (0.62, 1.75) | 1.10 (0.67, 1.87) |
| aUrinarybiAs µg/L | 9.52 (5.35, 17.22) | 10.08 (6.05, 18.35) |
| aUrinary Mo µg/L | 34.01 (19.68, 52.75) | 35.02 (21.32, 55.65) |
| aUrinary W µg/L | 0.13 (0.07, 0.27) | 0.13 (0.08, 0.24) |
Cd = cadmium; iAs = inorganic arsenic; Mo = molybdenum; W = tungsten.
a
Values are median (interquartile range).
b
iAs measured as sum of inorganic (arsenate and arsenite) and methylated species (MMA and DMA).