Table 3.
Association between loge-unit increase in paternal preconception, maternal preconception, and maternal prenatal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and placental weight (g).
| Model 1 | Paternal Preconception N=68 |
Maternal Preconception N=131 |
Maternal Prenatal N=123 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beta (95% CI) | p-value | Beta (95% CI) | p-value | Beta (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Metabolite | ||||||
| ∑DEHP * | −22 (−45, 2) | 0.07 | −18 (−39, 4) | 0.10 | −3 (−21, 15) | 0.76 |
| MEHP | −18 (−40, 2) | 0.07 | −14 (−35, 7) | 0.18 | −5 (−21, 12) | 0.56 |
| MEHHP | −19 (−41, 3) | 0.09 | −17 (−36, 2) | 0.08 | −1 (−18, 15) | 0.86 |
| MEOHP | −19 (−42, 5) | 0.12 | −19 (−39, 1) | 0.06 | −3 (−21, 15) | 0.71 |
| MECPP | −23 (−46, 0) | 0.05 | −16 (−37, 6) | 0.15 | −3 (−22, 16) | 0.77 |
| MEP | −4 (−30, 21) | 0.75 | 2 (−15, 18) | 0.84 | −19 (−35, −2) | 0.03 |
| MBP | −24 (−51, 2) | 0.07 | −20 (−42, 2) | 0.08 | −25 (−48, −1) | 0.04 |
| MiBP | −10 (−36, 16) | 0.44 | −8 (−29, 12) | 0.43 | −7 (−30, 17) | 0.57 |
| MBzP | −18 (−47, 10) | 0.21 | −12 (−33, 9) | 0.26 | −11 (−33, 10) | 0.30 |
| MCPP | 11 (−14, 37) | 0.38 | 1 (−20, 22) | 0.94 | −4 (−23, 15) | 0.70 |
| MCOP | 8 (−14, 30) | 0.48 | 10 (−5, 25) | 0.18 | −4 (−22, 13) | 0.63 |
| MCNP | −8 (−43, 27) | 0.65 | −4 (−28, 20) | 0.73 | −12 (−38, 13) | 0.35 |
| Model 2 |
Paternal Preconception N=68 |
Maternal Preconception N=131 |
Maternal Prenatal N=123 |
|||
| Beta (95% CI) | p-value | Beta (95% CI) | p-value | Beta (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Metabolite | ||||||
| ∑DEHP * | −24 (−48, −1) | 0.04 | −15 (−37, 8) | 0.19 | −1 (−19, 17) | 0.91 |
| MEHP | −19 (−40, 3) | 0.09 | −10 (−32, 12) | 0.38 | −3 (−20, 14) | 0.71 |
| MEHHP | −21 (−43, 2) | 0.07 | −15 (−35, 6) | 0.16 | −1 (−18, 16) | 0.94 |
| MEOHP | −20 (−44, 4) | 0.10 | −17 (−37, 4) | 0.12 | −2 (−19, 16) | 0.86 |
| MECPP | −25 (−49, −2) | 0.03 | −13 (−35, 10) | 0.27 | −1 (−19, 19) | 0.98 |
| MEP | 1 (−24, 26) | 0.95 | 2 (−16, 21) | 0.80 | −24 (−41, −7) | 0.01 |
| MBP | −17 (−44, 10) | 0.22 | −15 (−38, 8) | 0.20 | −18 (−42, 5) | 0.13 |
| MiBP | 0 (−27, 28) | 0.98 | −1 (−23, 21) | 0.94 | 3 (−22, 27) | 0.81 |
| MBzP | 9 (−38, 20) | 0.55 | −18 (−41, 4) | 0.11 | −9 (−32, 14) | 0.44 |
| MCPP | 11 (−15, 38) | 0.39 | −1 (−24, 21) | 0.90 | −5 (−24, 15) | 0.66 |
| MCOP | 8 (−13, 29) | 0.46 | 11 (−5, 27) | 0.18 | −6 (−24, 12) | 0.50 |
| MCNP | −19 (−59, 21) | 0.36 | −6 (−32, 20) | 0.64 | −9 (−36, 18) | 0.51 |
Abbreviations: DEHP: di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; MBP: mono-n-butyl phthalate; MBzP: monobenzyl phthalate; MCNP: monocarboxyisononyl phthalate; MCOP: monocarboxyisooctyl phthalate; MCPP: mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate; MECPP: mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate; MEHHP: mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate; MEHP: mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; MEOHP: mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate; MEP: monoethyl phthalate; MiBP: mono-isobutyl phthalate
Model 1: unadjusted
Model 2 (Fathers): adjusted for paternal and maternal age (years), BMI (kg/m2) and smoking (ever/never), maternal education (less than college, college graduate or graduate degree), and infant sex.
Model 2 (Mothers): adjusted for maternal age (years), BMI (kg/m2), smoking (ever/never), maternal education (less than college, college graduate or graduate degree), and infant sex.
∑DEHP: Is the weighted molar sum of DEHP metabolites MEHP (molecular weight=272), MEHHP (molecular weight=294), MEOHP (molecular weight=292) and MECPP (molecular weight=308) concentrations expressed in µmol/L. We multiplied the molar sum by the molecular weight of MECPP (308 g/mol) to express ∑DEHP as ng/ml.