Table 5:
Model 1 | Estimate | Standard error | Wald | Odd ratio (95% confidence interval) | P-value* |
Vitamin D status 1 | 1.97 | 1.36 | 2.10 | 7.15 (0.50-102.01) | 0.15 |
Vitamin D status 2 | 3.47 | 1.40 | 6.16 | 32.21 (2.08-499.97) | 0.01 |
Dyslipidemia Normal lipids (Ref.) |
-0.54 | 0.62 | 0.74 | 0.59 (0.17-1.99) | 0.39 |
Age | 0.03 | 0.02 | 1.27 | 1.03 (0.98-1.07) | 0.26 |
Male gender Female gender (Ref.) |
-013 | 0.51 | 0.07 | 0.88 (0.33-2.36) | 0.79 |
Education Below high school High school or above (Ref.) |
0.11 | 0.49 | 0.06 | 1.12 (0.43-2.90) | 0.82 |
Model 2 | |||||
Vitamin D status 1 | -3.44 | 1.93 | 3.18 | 0.03 (0.00-1.41) | 0.08 |
Vitamin D status 2 | -1.84 | 1.93 | 0.91 | 0.16 (0.00-6.96) | 0.34 |
Dyslipidemia Normal lipids (Ref.) |
-0.51 | 0.67 | 0.58 | 0.60 (0.16-2.24) | 0.45 |
Smoking Non-smoking (Ref.) |
-0.16 | 0.58 | 0.08 | 0.85 (0.27-2.64) | 0.78 |
HbA1c | -064 | 0.33 | 3.84 | 0.53 (0.28-1.00) | 0.05 |
* Ordinal logistic regression analysis (ordinal dependent variable was vitamin D status: deficient, insufficient and sufficient vitamin D levels in order). We used two models of logistic regression using two groups of co-variables. Model 1 included age, gender, education level and type of lipid as co-variables while model 2 included smoking, HbA1c and type of lipid as co-variables. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. TGs; triglycerides, HDL-C; high density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C; low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HbA1c; hemoglobin A1c.