Table 1.
Definitions of health-relevant behavioural changes
| Behaviour dimension: relevance criterion | Measuring method | References |
|---|---|---|
| Smoking: abstinence or reduction of daily number of cigarettes by ≥ 50% from a baseline of ≥ 15 cigarettes | Self-declaration, confirmatory saliva cotinine test at 12 months for quitters | [18, 27] |
| Body weight: reduction by ≥ 5% if baseline-BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 | Standardised home measurements | [28–30, 45, 46] |
| Physical activity: increase of MVPA by ≥ 90 min per week or increase of LIPA by ≥ 200 min per week, compared to baseline | Recollection-based self-declaration in questionnaire | [31–33] |
| Alcohol: reduction in number of standard drinks (10 g) per week by ≥ 7 drinks from a baseline of ≥ 14 drinks/week | Recollection-based self-declaration in questionnaire | [35, 36, 47] |
| Stress: reduction in score of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10, German version) by ≥ 5, compared to baseline | Recollection-based self-declaration in validated questionnaire | [38–41] |
| Diet: increase by ≥ 10 in score of adapted MedDietScore questionnaire, compared to baseline | Recollection-based self-declaration in validated questionnaire | [44, 48] |
| Participant’s choice: increase by ≥ 2 levels on a 5 level Likert-type scale (−/0/+/++/+++) | Self-declaration in questionnaire | – |
BMI body mass index, LIPA light-intensity physical activity, MVPA moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity