Table 3.

Risk of pneumonia after stroke according to different cumulative BZD doses

Cumulative BZD doses	n	Pneumonia cases	Person- years	Incidence rate*	Univariate model		Multivariate model†
					Crude HR (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted HR (95% CI)	P value
Non-user	3758	478	14 663.8	32.6	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
1–90 cDDDs	2507	702	11 760.2	59.7	2.10 (1.87 to 2.36)	<0.001	2.28 (2.01 to 2.58)	<0.001
91–365 cDDDs	728	198	4216.6	47.0	1.84 (1.56 to 2.16)	<0.001	2.09 (1.77 to 2.47)	<0.001
>365 cDDDs	523	127	3703.4	34.3	1.47 (1.21 to 1.77)	<0.001	2.08 (1.72 to 2.52)	<0.001

*Per 1000 person-years.

†Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model, adjusting for all baseline characteristics (listed in table 1) and competing mortality.

BZD, benzodiazepine; cDDDs, cumulative defined daily doses.