Table 1.
Description of the Study Population
| HC (n=36) |
MAT (n=42) |
Treated-for- NOWSa (n=16) |
Not-Treated-for- NOWSa (n=26) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |
| Maternal age at enrollment (yrs) | 26.8 ± 5.7 | 28.3 ± 5.1 | 29.4 ± 5.3 | 27.5 ± 5.0 |
| Gestational age at enrollment (wks) | 25.5 ± 7.7 | 23.0 ± 6.9 | 22.1 ± 5.6 | 23.5 ± 7.6 |
| Gestational age at delivery (wks) | 39.2 ± 1.3 | 38.7 ± 2.2 | 38.4 ± 3.0 | 38.9 ± 1.5 |
| Infant birth weight (grams) | 3328 ± 528 | 2948 ± 632ǂǂ | 2956 ± 817 | 2944 ± 504 |
| Infant age at assessment (mos.)a | 6.9 ± 1.1 | 6.8 ± 1.2 | 7.0 ± 1.4 | 6.7 ± 1.1 |
| Maternal BDI score | 5.8 ± 4.7 | 10.6 ± 9.8ǂǂ | 8.1 ± 6.9 | 11.9 ± 10.9 |
| Family SES score | 35.2 ± 12.2 | 28.5 ± 7.7ǂǂ | 27.1 ± 7.0 | 29.4 ± 8.2 |
| n (%*) | n (%*) | n (%*) | n (%*) | |
| Family household income (at V3) | ||||
| Under $20,000 | 8 (22.2) | 25 (61.0)ǂǂ | 8 (50.0) | 17 (68.0)§ |
| $20,000 – $39,999 | 8 (22.2) | 12 (29.3) | 5 (31.3) | 7 (28.0) |
| $40,000 – $59,999 | 7 (19.4) | 3 (7.3) | 2 (12.5) | 1 (4.0) |
| $60,000 or over | 13 (36.1) | 1 (2.4) | 1 (6.3) | 0 (0.0) |
| Employed (at enrollment) | 19 (52.8) | 6 (14.3)ǂ | 1 (6.3) | 5 (19.2) |
| Preterm delivery | 3 (8.3) | 5 (11.9) | 4 (25.0) | 1 (3.85) |
| Ethnicity: Hispanic/Latina | 23 (63.9) | 29 (69.1) | 12 (75.0) | 17 (65.4)§ |
| Race: | ||||
| White | 36 (100) | 36 (85.7) | 12 (75.0) | 24 (92.3) |
| African American | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.8) | 2 (12.5) | 0 (0.0) |
| American Indian | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (7.7) |
| Other | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.8) | 2 (12.5) | 0 (0.0) |
| Marital/cohabiting status: | ||||
| Single/separated/divorced | 10 (27.8) | 26 (61.9)ǂǂ | 9 (56.2) | 17 (65.4) |
| Married/cohabitating | 26 (72.2) | 16 (38.1) | 7 (43.8) | 9 (34.6) |
| Education Level: | ||||
| Less than high school | 5 (13.9) | 18 (42.9)ǂǂ | 8 (50.0) | 10 (38.5) |
| High school to some college | 22 (61.1) | 23 (54.8) | 7 (43.8) | 16 (61.5) |
| College/professional degree | 9 (25.0) | 1 (2.4) | 1 (6.2) | 0 (0.0) |
| Gravidity: primigravida | 14 (38.9) | 5 (11.9)ǂǂ | 0 (0.0) | 5 (19.2) |
| Parity: nulliparous | 15 (41.7) | 9 (21.4) | 3 (18.8) | 6 (23.1) |
| Infant’s gender: male | 19 (52.8) | 22 (52.4) | 8 (50.0) | 14 (53.9) |
ǂ
p<0.05;
ǂǂ
p<0.01 for comparison between two MAT and HC groups
§
p<0.05;
§§
p<0.01 for comparison between TREATED-FOR-NOWS and Not-Treated-for-NOWS groups
a
Adjusted for preterm birth
BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; SES, Barratt family socio-economic status.
*
Column percentages