Table 2. Comparison of adjusted means of outcome measures between task-oriented training and conventional exercise program groups at each assessment time point.
| Outcome | 2 weeks after training | 4 weeks after training | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TOT (n=14) |
CEP (n=14) |
Differences | 95% CI | TOT (n=14) |
CEP (n=14) |
Differences | 95% CI | ||
| WMFT-time (s)† | |||||||||
| Maximum scores-120 s | 31.91 | 46.07 | −14.16** | −21.44 to −6.88 | 23.10 | 41.53 | −18.43** | −27.35 to −9.51 | |
| WMFT-FAS | |||||||||
| Maximum scores-05 | 2.39 | 1.93 | 0.46** | 0.28 to 0.64 | 2.76 | 2.08 | 0.67** | 0.45 to 0.91 | |
| WMFT-weight lifted (lb.) | 1.46 | 1.04 | 0.41 | −0.20 to 1.03 | 1.95 | 1.48 | 0.48 | −0.09 to 1.05 | |
| WMFT-grip strength (kg) | 4.19 | 2.59 | 1.60* | 0.43 to 2.78 | 4.84 | 2.80 | 2.04* | 0.30 to 3.78 | |
| FMA-UE | |||||||||
| Maximum scores-66 | 42.79 | 37.43 | 5.36* | 2.13 to 8.59 | 48.40 | 41.95 | 6.45* | 2.39 to 10.51 | |
| SIS-hand function | |||||||||
| Maximum scores-25 | 10.69 | 7.81 | 2.88** | 1.66 to 4.11 | 12.65 | 9.00 | 3.65* | 1.67 to 5.62 | |
†Negative score means better improvement in WMFT-time(s). CEP: Conventional exercise program; CI: confidence interval; FAS: Functional ability scale; FMA: Fugl-Meyer assessment; s: seconds; SIS: Stroke Impact Scale; TOT: Task-oriented training; UE: Upper extremity. All p-values were calculated through ANCOVA. Statistically significant difference between 2 groups was defined as p<0.05. *p<0.050, **p<0.001.