Table 1.

Cytokines reverse NK cell anergy in GC.

Cytokine	Function	Molecular mechanisms	Trials	References
IL-2	Improve NK cell–mediated ADCC Increase IL-2 gene–transduced HR susceptibility Recruit NK cells	Restore CD16zeta expression of NK cells Lower Lower expression of HLA-I molecules on tumor cells	Patients, cell lines Tumor-bearing mice, cell lines	(31) (71)
IL-5	Activate NK cells Promote proliferation and cytotoxicity of NK cells	Increase CD69 and CD107a expression Elevate IFN-γ production production	Tumor-bearing mice, cell lines	(75)
dsNKG2D–IL-15	Activate NK cells Promote proliferation and cytotoxicity of NK cells	Efficiently bind to MICA Increase CD69 and CD107a expression Elevate Elevate IFN-γ production	Tumor-bearing mice, cell lines	(75)
Recombinant mouse IL-15	Induce NK cell proliferation Increase cytotoxic activity of NK cells	Increase IFN-γ secretion	Tumor-bearing mice	(84)
Fractalkine (CX3CL1)	Increase NK cell infiltration Induce innate and adoptive immunity	Chemoattract NK cells	Human resections of gastric adenocarcinoma	(76)