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. 2019 Jan 21;9:1939. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01939

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Copyright © 2019 Zhao, Zhang, Jia, Feng, Guo, Han, Liu, Shang, Wang and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of vitamin E on HK-2 cells injury induced by AGE-BSA. (A,B) The levels of supernatant HAVCR1, LCN2 were measured by ELISA. (C) The activity of caspase 3 was assessed by colorimetric caspase-3 assay kit. (D) The cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. (E) TGF-β1 level was measured by ELISA. ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01 versus Co-BSA (CON); ^∗p < 0.05 versus AGE-BSA (AGEs).