Table 2. Differences in perceived stress, reflection, and self-compassion between 'before' and 'directly after' the mindfulness training.

	n	Before, mean (SD)	Directly after, mean (SD)	Mean difference, (95% CI)	P value	Cohen’s d
Perceived stress (PSS)	49	17.9 (5.6)	13.4 (5.8)	-4.5 (-6.0 to -3.0)	0.000	-0.9
Self-compassion (SCS)	50	2.9 (0.7)	3.4 (0.6)	0.5 (0.3 to 0.6)	0.000	0.8
Reflection (GRAS)	44	87.6 (7.7)	90.9 (6.7)	3.3 (1.5 to 5.2)	0.001	0.5

CI = confidence intervals. GRAS = Groningen Reflection Ability Scale. PSS = Perceived Stress Scale. SCS = Self-Compassion Scale.