Figure 6.

SPE reduced the activation of IKK and IκB α and reversed the degradation of IκB α during its inhibition of LPS-induced inflammation. (a) The NO production in the LPS induced RAW 264.7 cells with or without the treatment of SPE and MG 132. RAW 264.7 cells were first incubated with or without MG132 for 1 h and then treatment with LPS or LPS+SPE for 16 h. Culture supernatant was collected and NO production was measured using Griess reagent. (b) The phosphorylation of IKK and IκB α in macrophages. Apart treatment with LPS and SPE, Raw 264.7 cell were also incubated with or without MG132, at 0.25 h, 0.5 h, and 1 h; the proteins were extracted and were analyzed using western blot assay. ^∗∗p < 0.01 and ^∗∗∗p < 0.001 versus LPS alone.