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. 2019 Jan 22;11:1023–1032. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S187597

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© 2019 Zhang et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

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Synergistic cytotoxicity of HHT and ETP in AML cells.

Notes: (A) THP1 and HL60 cells were treated with vehicle control (Ctrl), HHT, ETP, or in combination as indicated for 48 hours. Cell viability was determined via trypan blue exclusion assay. Results relative to Ctrl are shown (%). (B, C) HL60 cells were treated as in (A). (B) The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by flow cytometry analysis using annexin-V/propidium iodide double staining. The statistical analysis is shown. (C) The protein expressions of cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 were measured by Western blot analysis. PARP was used as a loading control. (D) Primary AML cells from three patients (AML-1, AML-2, and AML-3) were treated as indicated for 48 hours. Cell viability was determined via trypan blue exclusion assay. Results relative to Ctrl are shown (%). (E, F) Primary AML cells (AML-2) were treated as in (D). (E) The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by flow cytometry analysis using Annexin-V/propidium iodide double staining. The statistical analysis is shown. (F) The protein expressions of cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 were measured by Western blot analysis. PARP was used as a loading control. Data were obtained from at least three independent experiments and analyzed by Student’s t-test. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. ^**P<0.01.

Abbreviations: AML, acute myeloid leukemia; ETP, etoposide; HHT, homoharringtonine.