Table 2.
Association between miR‐371a‐3p and patients/tumour characteristics
| Variable | N | Mean | SEM | Median | P‐value | Negative | Positive | P‐value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | |||||||
| All patients | 180 | 25.5 | 1.2 | 4.9 | NA | 87 | 48.3 | 93 | 51.7 | NA |
| Histology | ||||||||||
| Seminoma | 51 | 36.6 | 3.4 | 9.2 | 0.23 | 19 | 37.3 | 32 | 62.7 | 0.07 |
| Non‐seminoma | 127 | 21.1 | 0.8 | 5.8 | 68 | 53.5 | 59 | 46.5 | ||
| Unknown histology | 2 | |||||||||
| Tumour primary | ||||||||||
| Primary TGCTs | 169 | 25.2 | 1.1 | 5.0 | 0.46 | 82 | 48.5 | 87 | 51.5 | 1.00 |
| Extragonadal GCTs | 11 | 30.7 | 7.9 | 19.7 | 5 | 45.5 | 6 | 54.5 | ||
| IGCCCG risk group | ||||||||||
| Good risk | 105 | 18.7 | 1.6 | 6.1 | <0.00001 | 48 | 45.7 | 57 | 54.3 | <0.00001 |
| Intermediate risk | 21 | 57.0 | 22.7 | 13.6 | 6 | 28.6 | 15 | 71.4 | ||
| Poor risk | 22 | 63.2 | 14.7 | 13.3 | 5 | 22.7 | 17 | 77.3 | ||
| Stage I (adjuvant therapy) | 32 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 28 | 87.5 | 4 | 12.5 | ||
| Number of metastatic sites | ||||||||||
| 0 | 45 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 9.1 | <0.00001 | 39 | 86.7 | 6 | 13.3 | <0.00001 |
| 1‐2 | 109 | 22.3 | 3.3 | 5.8 | 42 | 38.5 | 67 | 61.5 | ||
| >3 | 26 | 81.0 | 28.1 | 11.9 | 6 | 23.1 | 20 | 76.9 | ||
| Retroperitoneal LN metastases | ||||||||||
| Absent | 57 | 9.0 | 0.0 | 8.5 | <0.00001 | 47 | 82.5 | 10 | 17.5 | <0.00001 |
| Present | 123 | 33.1 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 40 | 32.5 | 83 | 67.5 | ||
| Mediastinal lymph nodes metastases | ||||||||||
| Absent | 159 | 16.2 | 0.9 | 4.8 | 0.00010 | 82 | 51.6 | 77 | 48.4 | 0.02 |
| Present | 21 | 95.9 | 28.5 | 13.1 | 5 | 23.8 | 16 | 76.2 | ||
| Lung metastases | ||||||||||
| Absent | 144 | 18.5 | 0.4 | 5.3 | 0.00001 | 79 | 54.9 | 65 | 45.1 | 0.001 |
| Present | 36 | 53.6 | 23.6 | 10.7 | 8 | 22.2 | 28 | 77.8 | ||
| Liver metastases | ||||||||||
| Absent | 169 | 23.2 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 0.18 | 84 | 49.7 | 85 | 50.3 | 0.21 |
| Present | 11 | 60.1 | 12.6 | 19.6 | 3 | 27.3 | 8 | 72.7 | ||
| Non‐pulmonary visceral metastases | ||||||||||
| Absent | 166 | 23.7 | 1.1 | 5.1 | 0.48 | 81 | 48.8 | 85 | 51.2 | 0.78 |
| Present | 14 | 47.3 | 5.6 | 17.4 | 6 | 42.9 | 8 | 57.1 | ||
| S – stagea | ||||||||||
| 0 | 73 | 2.3 | 0.0 | 7.0 | <0.00001 | 53 | 72.6 | 20 | 27.4 | <0.00001 |
| 1 | 61 | 20.0 | 2.1 | 7.6 | 25 | 41.0 | 36 | 59.0 | ||
| 2 | 27 | 61.2 | 22.7 | 11.5 | 6 | 22.2 | 21 | 77.8 | ||
| 3 | 19 | 81.4 | 25.9 | 13.7 | 3 | 15.8 | 16 | 84.2 | ||
| Response to therapy | ||||||||||
| Favourable response | 173 | 23.7 | 1.0 | 4.9 | 0.02 | 86 | 49.7 | 87 | 50.3 | 0.12 |
| Unfavourable response | 7 | 69.9 | 12.6 | 24.5 | 1 | 14.3 | 6 | 85.7 | ||
Statistically significant indicated bold.
TGCTs, testicular germ cell tumours; IGCCCG, International Germ Cell Consensus Classification Group*defined by IGCCCG criteria; S0, within normal limits; S1, AFP < 1000 ng/mL and/or β‐HCG < 5000 mIU/mL and/or LDH < 1.5 U/L upper normal limit; S2, AFP 1000‐10 000 ng/mL and/or β‐HCG 5000‐50 000 mIU/mL and/or LDH 1.5‐10 U/L upper normal limit; S3, AFP > 10 000 ng/mL and/or β‐HCG > 50 000 mIU/mL and/or LDH > 10 U/L upper normal limit; SEM, standard error of the mean.
a
Cut‐off for miR‐371a‐3p = 6.89, based on optimal separation of healthy donors and primary (T)GCT patients.