Table 1. Summary of included studies.
Study | Age | BMI | Modality | Energy expenditure | Duration | MICT group | HIIT group | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Intensity | Time(min) | Frequency | n | High intensity | Recovery intensity | Time(min) | Frequency | ||||||
Schjerve et al.[23] | 46.9 | 36.7 | walking and running | H<M | 12w | 13 | 60–70% HRmax | 47 | 3/w | 14 | 4×4-min 85–95% HRmax | 3 min 50–60% HRmax | 28 | 3/w |
Moreira et al.[24] | 40 | 28.3 | cycle | H = M | 12w | 8 | 10% lower than IAT | 60 | 3/w | 8 | 2 min intensity was 20% above IAT | 1 min 20% lower than IAT | 60 | 3/w |
Sijie et al.[25] | 19.8 | 27.7 | walking and jogging | H = M | 12w | 16 | 50% VO2max | 40 | 5/w | 17 | 5×3 min 85% VO2max | 3 min 50% VO2max | 30 | 5/w |
Keating et al.[26] | 41.8 | 28.2 | cycle | ? | 12w | 13 | 65% VO2peak | 45 | 3/w | 13 | 6×60s 120% VO2peak | 120s low intensity | 18 | 3/w |
Lunt et al.-1[27] | 48.2 | 32.1 | walking and jogging | H = M | 12w | 7 | 65–75% HRmax | 33 | 3/w | 9 | 4×4-min 85–95% HRmax | 3 min 65–75% HRmax | 28 | 3/w |
Lunt et al.-2[27] | 50.3 | 32.4 | walking and jogging | ? | 12w | 7 | 65–75% HRmax | 33 | 3/w | 9 | 3×30sce all out | 4 min low intensity | 13.5 | 3/w |
Wang et al.[40] | 21 | 25.8 | walking and jogging | H = M | 12w | 12 | 60–70% HRpeak | 33 | 4/w | 12 | 4×4 min 85–95% HRpeak | 3 min 50–60% HRpeak+7 min pacing rest | 28 | 4/w |
Fisher et al.[28] | 20 | 29 | cycle | H<M | 6w | 10 | 55–65% VO2peak,138±13w | 60 | 5/w | 13 | 4×30s 85% peak power,810±250w | 4 min 15% peak power,140±20w | 20 | 3/w |
Cheema et al.[29] | 43 | 32 | walking | H = M | 12w | 6 | 4 MET | 50 | 4/w | 6 | 10×2 min >75% HRmax | 1 min, standing or pacing | 30 | 4/w |
Ahmadizad et al.[30]# | 25 | 27.6 | walking and jogging | ? | 6w | 10 | 50–60% VO2max | 60 | 3/w | 10 | 8×2–3 min (rest/intensity = 2:1), intensity: 90% VO2max | 24 | 3/w | |
Sawyer et al.[31] | 35.1 | 37.4 | cycle | H<M | 8w | 9 | 70–75% HRmax | 30 | 3/w | 9 | 10×1 min 90–95% HRmax | 1 min low intensity | 20 | 3/w |
Martins et al.-1[32] | 34.4 | 32.4 | cycle | H = M | 12w | 7 | 70% HRmax | 250Kcal deficit time | 3/w | 16 | 8sce all out | 12s low intensity | 250Kcal deficit time | 3/w |
Martins et al.-2[32] | 34.4 | 32.4 | cycle | H<M | 12w | 7 | 70% HRmax | 250Kcal deficit time | 3/w | 16 | 8sce all out | 12s low intensity | 125Kcal deficit time | 3/w |
Cocks et al.[33] | 25 | 35.8 | cycle | ? | 4w | 8 | 65% VO2peak | 60 | 5/w | 8 | 4–7×30s 200%Wmax | 120s 30 W | 30 | 3/w |
Kong et al.[34] | 21 | 25.8 | cycle | H<M | 5w | 13 | 60–80% VO2peak | 40 | 4/w | 13 | 60×8s all out | 12s passive rest | 20 | 5/w |
Gerosa-Neto et al.[35] | 46.4 | 31.8 | walking and running | H<M | 16w | 11 | 70% HRmax | 30 | 5/w | 11 | 4×4 min90%HRmax | 3 min 75% HRmax | 28 | 3/w |
Zhang et al.[36] | 18–22 | 38.1% (fat%) | cycle | H = M | 12w | 15 | 60% VO2max | 62.6 | 3-4/w | 15 | 4–6×4 min 90% VO2max | 3 min passive rest | 34 | 3-4/w |
Liu et al.[41] | 20–23 | 28.8 | cycle | H = M | 12w | 20 | 50% VO2max | 30 | 4/w | 20 | 15×1 min 90% VO2max | 1 min 20% VO2max | 30 | 4/w |
Zhang et al.[39] | 21 | 25.8 | running | H = M | 12w | 12 | 60–70% HRpeak | 33 | 4/w | 12 | 4×4 min 85–95% HRpeak | 3-min 50–60% HRpeak | 28 | 4/w |
Higgins et al.[37] | 20.4 | 30.3 | cycle | H = M | 6w | 20 | 60%–70% HRR | 20 | 3/w | 29 | (3–7)30s all out | 4 min of active recovery | 16 | 3/w |
Vella et al.[38] | 26.2 | 31.6 | treadmill, cycle, elliptical | H = M | 8w | 9 | 55–59% HRR | 20 | 4/w | 8 | 10×1min 75–80% HRR | 1min 35–40% HRR | 20 | 4/w |
Wang et al.[42] | 18–21 | 28.7 | treadmill, cycle | H = M | 12w | 16 | 60% VO2max | 45 | 4/w | 18 | 7×3min 80–90% VO2max | 3min 50–60% VO2max+1min rest | 36 | 4/w |
Gao et al.[43] | 21.6 | 27.1 | treadmill | H = M | 12w | 17 | 60% VO2max | 55 | 5/w | 17 | 5×4min 85% VO2max | 2min 50%VO2max+5min rest | 55 | 5/w |
Eimarieskandari et al.[44] | 22.1 | 29.6 | treadmill | H = M | 8w | 7 | 50–70% HRpeak | 41 | 3/w | 7 | 4×4min80-90%VO2peak | 3min50-60%VO2peak | 33 | 3/w |
MICT:moderate-intensity continuous training; HIIT:high-intensity interval training; IAT: individual anaerobic threshold; MET: Metabolic Equivalent; HR:heart rate; HRR:heart rate reserve. Lunt et al.-1 and Lunt et al.-2 were two different HIIT methods were used in one article. Martinset al.-1 and Martins et al.-2 were two different HIIT methods were used in one article. H = M: Energy expenditure of HIIT equal to MICT; H<M: Energy expenditure of HIIT less than MICT; ?:Not Clear; #: the study is controlled clinical trial and non-randomised trials, unmarked studies arerandomized controlled trial.