Table 4.
BFR walking and changes in muscle mass
| Study | Subjects | Protocol | N | Exercise mode | Duration/frequency | Muscle mass assessment | Percentage increase | Conclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ozaki et al. [87] | Older adults (57–76 y) |
BFR walking (45% HRR) CON walking (45% HRR) |
13 10 |
Treadmill walking (20 min) | 10 wk, 4 days/wk | MRI |
BFR: 3% CON: 0% |
Significant greater muscle mass increases for BFR |
| Ozaki et al. [67] | Older women (57–73 y) |
BFR walking (45% HRR) CON walking (45% HRR) |
10 8 |
Treadmill walking (20 min) | 10 wk, 4 days/wk |
MRI Mid-thigh (CSA) Mid-quadriceps (CSA) Thigh (volume) Quadriceps (volume) |
BFR: 3–4% CON: − 2 to 0% |
Significant greater muscle mass increases for BFR |
BFR blood flow restriction, CON control group, CSA cross-sectional area, HRR heart rate reserve, min minutes, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, wk week/s, y years