Table 1.
Plant regeneration in isolated microspore cultures of DH lines of winter triticale as the effect of various tiller pre-treatments (experiment 1)
| DH line | Regeneration per spike | LT | LT + 3–8d GSH | LT + GSH |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DH18 | Total | 3.8 ± 1.0bcd | 16.8 ± 5.9a | 16.7a |
| Green plant | 2.0 ± 0.5b | 0.5 ± 0.3b | 2.0b | |
| DH19 | Total | – | 0.0 | – |
| Green plant | – | 0.0 | – | |
| DH28 | Total | 11.8 ± 8.2abc | 13.8 ± 1.2ab | 12.6 ± 1.8abc |
| Green plant | 9.8 ± 6.2a | 9.6 ± 1.1a | 12.3 ± 4.2a | |
| DH44 | Total | 0.6 ± 0.4d | 9.3 ± 2.0abcd | 3.5 ± 1.5cd |
| Green plant | 0.4 ± 0.4b | 1.7 ± 1.0b | 1.0 ± 1.0b | |
| DH47 | Total | 4.4 ± 0.9bcd | 1.0 ± 0.3d | 10.0 ± 3.1abcd |
| Green plant | 0.9 ± 0.6b | 0.0 | 3.0 ± 0.3b | |
| DH101 | Total | 1.5 ± 0.6d | 4.3 ± 2.0bcd | – |
| Green plant | 0.5 ± 0.3b | 1.0 ± 0.6b | – | |
| DH119 | Total | – | – | 0.0 |
| Green plant | – | – | 0.0 |
| Source of variation | Mean squares/p | |
|---|---|---|
| Total regeneration | Green plant regeneration | |
| DH line | 176.128/*** | 102.652/*** |
| Treatment | 63.148/* | 1.936/ns |
| DH line × treatment | 33.911/* | 1.722/ns |
The mean from at least three biological replications (isolations) ± SE. Data marked with the same letter do not differ according to the Duncan test (p ≤ 0.05). The sources of variance for regeneration potential were as follows: seven DH lines, three treatments, and interaction between DH line and treatment. *, ***Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.001, respectively; ns not significant
LT low temperature pre-treatment of tillers (21 days at 4 °C); LT + 3–8d GSH low temperature pre-treatment of tillers (21 days at 4 °C) combined with short GSH pre-treatment (0.3 mM GSH applied 3–8 days before microspore isolation); LT + GSH low temperature pre-treatment of tillers (21 days at 4 °C) combined with long GSH pre-treatment (0.3 mM GSH applied 21 days before microspore isolation)
‘–’ embryo-like structure was not developed