Table 2.
Rami motion: contralateral segment of ipsilateral rami relative to ipsilateral rami.
| Displacement at 5th cycle of max compression to 150 N | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Construct: | x (mm) AP shear | y (mm) Open/close | z (mm) CrCa shear | Rx (deg) Lat. bend | Ry (deg) Flex/Ext | Rz (deg) Tran Plane | |
| WX | SI | −2.5 ± 0.6 | −0.7 ± 0.7 | −2.7 ± 0.5 | −1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.3b | 1.0 ± 0.2 |
| TS | −2.3 ± 1.6 | −0.4 ± 0.8 | −3.0 ± 1.2 | −0.6 ± 0.5 | 0.9 ± 0.8 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | |
| TA | −5.7 ± 1.9a | −0.3 ± 1.4 | −4.0 ± 0.9 | −0.6 ± 1.3 | 2.5 ± 0.6b,c,d | 1.4 ± 0.5 | |
| WOX | SI | 0.3 ± 8.3 | 0.6 ± 1.1 | −7.1 ± 5.0 | −1.3 ± 0.5 | 3.1 ± 1.5 | 0.9 ± 0.8 |
| TS | −2.6 ± 2.0 | −0.1 ± 1.0 | −3.4 ± 0.4 | −0.8 ± 1.0 | 1.1 ± 0.4d | 1.0 ± 0.8 | |
| TA | −1.5 ± 0.7a | 0.2 ± 0.9 | −2.8 ± 0.5 | −0.8 ± 0.7 | 0.9 ± 0.5c | 0.8 ± 0.4 | |
| Range of motion (ROM) during 5th cycle of torsional loading from −15 to +15 Nm | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Construct: | x (mm) | y (mm) | z (mm) | Rx (deg) | Ry (deg) | Rz (deg) | |
| WX | SI | 1.4 ± 4.0 | −0.8 ± 1.6c | 3.2 ± 0.7f | −1.7 ± 1.9 | −5.7 ± 3.2 | 4.6 ± 1.1j |
| TS | 1.1 ± 3.3 | −0.6 ± 1.6d | 2.2 ± 1.2g | −1.8 ± 0.2g | −5.2 ± 2.6 | 4.2 ± 1.0k | |
| TA | 3.0 ± 1.4a,b | −0.4 ± 0.6e | 3.0 ± 2.4 | −1.7 ± 0.9f | −6.2 ± 1.0 | 5.0 ± 1.9l | |
| WOX | SI | −5.6 ± 4.7 | 9.1 ± 0.5c,d,e | 2.7 ± 5.4 | −4.4 ± 6.1 | −6.8 ± 7.8 | 6.0 ± 7.0 |
| TS | −3.8 ± 1.3b | 11.2 ± 0.7c,d,e | 6.8 ± 0.4f,g | 1.5 ± 2.5 | −8.0 ± 2.0 | 13.2 ± 3.1j,k,l | |
| TA | −1.2 ± 0.9a | 9.3 ± 1.6c,d,e | 5.8 ± 2.3 | 0.3 ± 0.8f,g | −7.3 ± 2.5 | 10.6 ± 0.6j,k,l | |
WOX = without anterior external fixation; WX, with anterior fixation.
x: aTA WX greater magnitude than TA WOX (p = 0.046), all others p > 0.076.
y: No significant difference between any constructs (p > 0.25)
z: No significant difference between any constructs (p > 0.12)
Rx: No significant difference between any constructs (p > 0.18)
Ry: b,c,dTA WX greater magnitude than other three (p < 0.036), all others p > 0.064.
Rz: No significant difference between any constructs (p > 0.13.)
x: a,b(p < 0.017), all others p > 0.06.
y: c,d,eAll WX less opening–closing than WOX (p < 0.006)
z: f,g(p < 0.014), all other p > 0.19.
Rx: h,i(p < 0.040), all other p > 0.15.
Ry: No significant difference between any constructs (p > 0.36)
Rz: j,k,l(p < 0.030), all other p > 0.21.