Table 3.

Sacrum motion: sacrum relative to ipsilateral ilium.

Displacement at 5th cycle of max compression to 150 N
Construct:		x (mm) PA	y (mm) Lateral left	z (mm) CaCr	Rx (deg) Lat. bend	Ry (deg) Flex/Ext	Rz (deg) Tran Plane
WX	SI	0.48 ± 0.05	0.11 ± 0.11	−1.06 ± 0.19a	−0.71 ± 0.15	1.36 ± 0.17c,d	−0.22 ± 0.37
	TS	0.53 ± 0.23	0.08 ± 0.14	−1.36 ± 0.41	−0.68 ± 0.27	1.79 ± 0.65e	−0.13 ± 0.26
	TA	1.20 ± 0.71	0.09 ± 0.16	−2.31 ± 0.49a	−0.46 ± 0.21	3.70 ± 0.95c,e,f	−0.05 ± 0.17
WOX	SI	1.26 ± 0.96	−0.11 ± 0.48	−2.11 ± 0.89	−0.57 ± 0.30	4.29 ± 2.51	−0.57 ± 1.07
	TS	0.51 ± 0.17	0.18 ± 0.14	−1.93 ± 0.62	−0.98 ± 0.42	2.23 ± 0.34d	−0.09 ± 0.35
	TA	0.73 ± 0.30	0.32 ± 0.48	−1.67 ± 0.74	−1.00 ± 0.75	1.68 ± 0.48f	−0.22 ± 0.11

Range of motion (ROM) during 5th cycle of torsional loading from −15 to +15 Nm
Construct:	x (mm)	y (mm)	z (mm)	Rx (deg)	Ry (deg)	Rz (deg)
WX	SI	−5.7 ± 1.8	2.7 ± 0.7b	1.1 ± 0.6	−0.4 ± 0.3c	−3.4 ± 1.9	7.8 ± 1.6
	TS	−4.5 ± 0.4a	3.2 ± 0.5	0.9 ± 0.3	−1.0 ± 0.9	−3.3 ± 1.6	7.3 ± 0.6e
	TA	−5.2 ± 0.3	4.4 ± 0.8b	1.6 ± 0.5	−1.2 ± 0.5d	−4.2 ± 0.2	8.3 ± 1.0
WOX	SI	−7.6 ± 3.1	4.2 ± 1.3	1.5 ± 1.6	0.9 ± 0.1c,d	−2.4 ± 4.0	12.6 ± 2.8
	TS	−10.8 ± 3.7	5.9 ± 2.4	1.0 ± 0.2	0.4 ± 1.3	−2.2 ± 2.5	15.2 ± 3.5
	TA	−6.5 ± 0.7a	3.8 ± 0.5	1.8 ± 0.6	1.1 ± 0.2c,d	−2.5 ± 1.4	10.8 ± 1.5e

WOX = without anterior external fixation; WX, with anterior fixation.

x: No significant difference between any constructs (p > 0.22)

y: No significant difference between any constructs (p > 0.33)

z: ^a(p < 0.034), all others p > 0.06

Rx: No significant difference between any constructs (p > 0.15)

Ry: ^c,d,e,f(p < 0.052), all others p > 0.10.

Rz: No significant difference between any constructs (p > 0.22)

x: ^a(p < 0.018), all others p > 0.06.

y: ^b(p = 0.055), all others p > 0.10.

z: No significant difference between any constructs (p > 0.11)

Rx: ^c,d(p < 0.011), all others p > 0.08.

Ry: No significant difference between any constructs (p > 0.17)

Rz: ^eWX had lower ROM than any WOX, at or approach significance (0.043 < p < 0.10)