Staphylococcus aureus colonization of the 14 macaques located in three different rooms, at the four sampling times. Each letter represents one macaque. Gray lines separate cages. Note that some animals are caged in pairs (A and D, B and E, C and F, L and N). Some animals were moved to different rooms during the study in an attempt to control bacterial spread (M was moved from room #2 to room #1; then A, C, D, F, G, and J from room #1 to room #3). A star by the letter designating each macaque means that the animal was wearing a transcranial implant at the moment of sampling. Each geometric shape corresponds to one strain of S. aureus detected at each time, in each animal. An “X” means no S. aureus was detected on a particular animal at a particular screening time; circle: MA-I (t189/ST188/PFGE-A/mecA−); triangle: MA-II (t4167/ST3862/PFGE-B/mecA+); pentagon: MA-III (t4167/ST3862/PFGE-C/mecA+); hexagon: MA-IV (t16708/ST3862/PFGE-C/mecA+); heptagon: MA-V (t16709/ST3862/PFGE-C/mecA+); and square: MA-VI (t8397/ST3884/PFGE-D/mecA−). Animals marked with two shapes carried two strains of S. aureus at the corresponding screening. PFGE, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.