FIG. 2.

JHMV infection of the CNS invokes rapid infiltration of defined immune cell subsets. Cartoon depiction of immune response following i.c. infection of the CNS of susceptible C57BL6 with JHMV. Cellular components of the innate immune response, for example, neutrophils, macrophages, and NK cells are rapidly mobilized, and migrate to the CNS and contribute to opening the blood–brain barrier and controlling viral replication. Infiltrating CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells reduce viral titers below level of detection through IFN-γ secretion and cytolytic activity. Neutralizing virus-specific antibody is required to suppress viral recrudescence during chronic disease. i.c., intracranial; NK, natural killer.