Table 3.
Connectivity Metrics During the 48-h Artificial Pancreas Study for All Participants, for Tandem t:AP Participants Only and for Insulet OmniPod Participants Only
| Metric | All participants (n = 6) | Tandem t:AP (n = 3) | Insulet OmniPod (n = 3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Device connectivity | |||
| % Time CGM connected | 99.8 (1.0) | 99.7 (1.3) | 99.8 (0.9) |
| % Time valid CGM | 95.7 (4.2) | 92.7 (3.9) | 98.7 (1.2) |
| % Time in closed loop | 94.3 (3.9) | 94.7 (4.5) | 94.0 (4.2) |
| No. of pump disconnections | 2.2 (1.2) | 1.7 (1.5) | 2.7 (0.6) |
| No. of notifications by type | |||
| No. of alarm notifications | 11.8 (6.0) | 9.0 (5.3) | 14.7 (6.1) |
| No. of alert notifications | 21.0 (5.3) | 16.7 (3.5) | 25.3 (0.6) |
| No. of notice notifications | 20.8 (8.3) | 19.7 (12.6) | 22.0 (3.0) |
| Total notifications | 53.7 (15.4) | 45.3 (19.5) | 62.0 (2.6) |
| No. of notifications by source | |||
| Pump | 23.7 (9.4) | 15.7 (5.0) | 31.7 (1.2) |
| CGM | 2.5 (0.8) | 3.0 (1.0) | 2.0 (0.0) |
| Smartphone | 1.8 (1.0) | 2.3 (1.2) | 1.3 (0.6) |
| iAPS modules | 25.7 (10.6) | 24.3 (16.4) | 27.0 (1.7) |
| No. of notifications for select events | |||
| Accrued no. of glucose-related notifications | 5.5 (4.5) | 7.0 (5.6) | 4.0 (3.6) |
| Accrued no. of connectivity-related notifications | 21.7 (12.2) | 11.7 (8.1) | 31.7 (2.1) |
The metrics [mean (SD)] are calculated after excluding the time periods of intentional connectivity robustness testing. The CGM metrics are reported as percent time CGM was connected to iAPS and percent time when a valid CGM value was broadcasted. Percent time in closed loop and number of pump disconnections requiring manual intervention are reported. Note that the system stays in closed loop under missing CGM data. The number of notifications is stratified by type, source, and select events. Each iAPS notification is an alarm (notifications that require immediate user attention), alert (notifications that require prompt user attention), or notice (notifications to inform the user). Notifications generated due to state of the pump, CGM, phone, and app are reported. Finally, the number of accrued glucose-related notifications and accrued connectivity-related notifications is noted where it is important to note that a single event can consist of repeated notifications till that event is resolved.
iAPS, interoperable artificial pancreas system.