Table 1.
Effects on clinical, metabolic and intestinal permeability paramethers after 16 wk of Mediterranean diet or low-fat diet in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
| Basal | After Mediterranean diet | P value (≥ 0.05 NS) | After wash-out | After low-fat diet | P value (≥ 0.05 NS) | |
| (W1) | (W16) | W1 vs W16 | (W32) | (W48) | W32 vs W48 | |
| Weight (kg) | 91.3 ± 10.9 | 86.0 ± 12.4 | 0.003 | 86.3 ± 8.4 | 85.7 ± 9.4 | NS |
| Body mass index | 30.9 ± 3.6 | 29.3 ± 4.1 | NS | 29.7 ± 2.9 | 29.3 ± 3.2 | NS |
| Waist (cm) | 107.2 ± 9.0 | 99.3 ± 11.5 | 0.001 | 102.0 ± 11.5 | 96.8 ± 11.5 | NS |
| Hip (cm) | 107.5 ± 6.7 | 103.9 ±6.9 | 0.001 | 103.7 ± 6.3 | 101.7 ± 11.1 | NS |
| Waist/hip ratio | 0.99 ± 0.05 | 0.96 ± 0.08 | NS | 0.97 ± 0.04 | 0.95 ± 0.06 | NS |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 129.0 ± 14.3 | 130.5 ± 20.3 | NS | 130.0 ± 8.9 | 122.5 ± 17.5 | NS |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 84.5 ± 11.4 | 81.0 ± 14.7 | NS | 79.2 ± 9.2 | 75.8 ± 14.3 | NS |
| Glycemia (mg/dL) | 93.8 ± 13.1 | 92.9 ± 11.8 | NS | 95.5 ± 9.0 | 96.2 ± 7.3 | NS |
| HOMA-IR | 5.2 ± 2.5 | 3.5 ± 2.1 | NS | 4.3 ± 1.2 | 3.8 ± 1.5 | NS |
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 186.5 ± 45.1 | 176.9 ± 42.9 | NS | 186.3 ± 65.7 | 177.0 ± 50.5 | NS |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 112.9 ± 44.1 | 113.7 ± 35.2 | NS | 119.7 ± 55.8 | 109.5 ± 44.6 | NS |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 41.7 ± 6.3 | 42.1 ± 9.3 | NS | 44.7 ± 4.5 | 44.7 ± 4.7 | NS |
| Tryglicerid (mg/dL) | 139.0 ± 90.4 | 105.4 ± 45.4 | NS | 110.5 ± 48.7 | 105.8 ± 36.1 | NS |
| ALT (UI/L) | 80.5 ± 41.6 | 52.2 ± 32.3 | 0.0001 | 56.2 ± 33.8 | 58.3 ± 38.7 | NS |
| AST (UI/L) | 39.8 ± 15,1 | 33.4 ± 15.7 | 0.01 | 26.5 ± 10.4 | 29.0 ± 11.3 | NS |
| GGT (UI/L) | 102.3 ± 123.5 | 89.6 ± 129.5 | NS | 100.7 ± 128.3 | 70.7 ± 75.3 | NS |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.6 ± 0.3 | 4.5 ± 0.3 | NS | 4.6 ± 0.4 | 4.5 ± 0.4 | NS |
| Emoglobin (g/dL) | 15.1 ± 1.1 | 14.9 ± 1.1 | NS | 15.4 ± 1.3 | 15.3 ± 1.3 | NS |
| Creatinin (mg/dL) | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | NS | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | NS |
W1: Week 1; W16: Week 16; W32: Week 32; W48: Week 48; HOMA-IR: Homeostatic model assessment - insulin resistance; LDL: Low density lipoprotein; HDL: High density lipoprotein; ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; GGT: Gamma glutamyl trasferase.