Table 1.
The characteristics of the included studies.
| No. | Author (year) |
Mean age, y (range)/% female |
Duration of insomnia | Design | Sample size (APT/control) |
Control intervention |
Results reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Huang et al. (2015) |
58(NR)/49% | Average 1.875 months | 2-parallel arms (MP; sham APT) |
90(45/45) | sham APT | APT significantly>sham APT |
| 2 | Huo et al. (2014) |
53.91(25-82)/28% | NR | 2-parallel arms (SV; Estazolam) |
64(32/32) | Estazolam 1 mg/day |
APT significantly>estazolam |
| 3 | Li et al. (2016) |
70.17(60-86)/55% | NR | 2-parallel arms (SV; Diazepam) |
40(20/20) | Diazepam 2.5 mg/day |
APT significantly>diazepam |
| 4 | Lin et al. (2018) |
38.5(18-45)/20% | NR | 2-parallel arms (SV; Estazolam) |
50(25/25) | Estazolam 1 mg/day |
APT significantly>estazolam |
| 5 | Qian et al. (2016) |
58.69(NR)/35% | NR | 2-parallel arms (SV; Estazolam) |
40(20/20) | Estazolam 1 mg/day |
APT significantly>estazolam |
| 6 | Su et al. (2017) |
38(26-60)/52% | NR | 2-parallel arms (SV; Estazolam) |
60(30/30) | Estazolam 1 mg/day |
APT significantly>estazolam |
| 7 | Wan et al. (2017) |
64(42-75)/49% | NR | 2-parallel arms (MP; Estazolam) |
65(33/32) | Estazolam 2 mg/day |
APT significantly>estazolam |
| 8 | Wang et al. (2018) |
72.19(66-95)/38% | NR | 2-parallel arms (SV; Estazolam) |
60(30/30) | Estazolam 1 mg/day |
No significant difference between APT and estazolam |
| 9 | Wu et al. (2012) |
NR(46-92)/42% | NR | 2-parallel arms (SV; Diazepam) |
60(30/30) | Diazepam 2.5 mg/day |
APT significantly>diazepam |
| 10 | Xing et al. (2014) |
55.1(35-67)/48% | 3-26 months | 2-parallel arms (SV; Estazolam) |
64(32/32) | Estazolam 2 mg/day |
APT significantly>estazolam |
| 11 | You et al. (2015) |
74.75(65-82)/40% | NR | 2-parallel arms (SV; No treatment) |
60(30/30) | No treatment | APT significantly> no treatment |
| 12 | Zhang et al. (2016) |
63.573(NR)/50% | Average 44.203 days | 3-parallel arms ( SV+ music therapy; SV; Estazolam) |
155(52/50/53) | Estazolam 2 mg/day |
APT+ music therapy significantly > APT and estazolam; no significant difference between APT and estazolam |
| 13 | Zhang et al. (2017) |
79.65(NR)/42% | NR | 2-parallel arms (SV; Estazolam) |
60(30/30) | Estazolam 1 mg/day |
APT significantly>estazolam |
| 14 | Zhou et al. (2013) |
NR(18-75)/NR | NR | 2-parallel arms (SV; Estazolam) |
60(30/30) | Estazolam 1 mg/day |
APT significantly>estazolam |
APT: auricular plaster therapy; NR: not reported; MP: magnetic pellets; SV: Semen Vaccariae.