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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Mem Lang. 2018 Jun 27;102:155–181. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2018.05.006

Table 9.

Fixed effects in model of comprehension accuracy in Verb Bias sentences

Fixed effect Estimate SE p-value

(Intercept) 3.274 0.142 <0.001
Individual differences VWM 0.052 0.087 0.552
Inhib. 0.223 0.125 0.075
Phon. 0.086 0.106 0.416
Lang. 0.508 0.115 <0.001
Speed 0.000 0.078 0.999
Condition effects Unambiguous 0.109 0.128 0.392
SC Bias −0.231 0.261 0.377
Unambiguous × SC Bias −0.238 0.201 0.236
Individual difference × Condition effect interactions VWM × Unambiguous 0.057 0.113 0.614
VWM × SC Bias −0.057 0.110 0.601
Inhib. × Unambiguous −0.092 0.163 0.574
Inhib. × SC Bias −0.137 0.159 0.388
Phon. × Unambiguous −0.314 0.138 0.023
Phon. × SC Bias 0.104 0.134 0.438
Lang. × Unambiguous 0.312 0.162 0.054
Lang. × SC Bias −0.270 0.159 0.089
Speed × Unambiguous −0.016 0.101 0.875
Speed × SC Bias 0.059 0.098 0.545
VWM × Unambiguous × SC 0.165 0.219 0.453
Bias
Inhib. × Unambiguous × SC −0.076 0.318 0.812
Bias
Phon. × Unambiguous × SC −0.059 0.269 0.826
Bias
Lang. × Unambiguous × SC −0.555 0.318 0.081
Bias
Speed × Unambiguous × SC −0.347 0.197 0.079
Bias

Notes: Effects coding was used for condition effects. Condition effects here refer to the change in log odds of a correct response when the sentences were ambiguous (0.5) opposed to unambiguous (−0.5) and DO-biased (0.5) opposed to SC-biased (−0.5). Random intercepts and slopes for all condition effects for both subjects and items were also included in the model. “VWM” = Verbal working memory span; “Inhib” = Inhibitory control; “Speed” = Perceptual speed; “Phon.” = Phonological ability; “Lang.” = Language experience.