Figure 1.

In vivo imaging of meningeal response to implanted electrode arrays. (a) Example two-photon microscope images of pre-implant meningeal biology in CXCR1-GFP mice. Top-down images of the meninges (top left) and underlying cortex (top right) show distinct collagen I (blue), vascular (red), and CX3CR1(+) cellular morphologies (green). A side projection of the same region shows the spatial relationship between the meningeal and cortical compartments (bottom). The boundary between the meninges and cortex can be defined by the bright blue collagen trace along the surface of the brain. (b) Schematic of the in vivo implantation set-up. Left: Bilateral cranial windows are prepared for each mouse. Craniotomies are either filled a sealant material (silicone elastomer or PEG gel) or saline (no sealant) prior to being covered with a glass cover slip. Right: A cross-section of the set-up highlights that implants are fully underneath the glass coverslip. A two-photon microscope objective can be lowered over the glass coverslip to enable longitudinal imaging.