Table 2.
Procedure-Related Characteristics Before and After Propensity Score Matching
| Characteristic | Before Propensity Score Matching | After Propensity Score Matching | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No LAAO, No. (%) (n = 71 408) | LAAO, No. (%) (n = 4374) | No LAAO, No. (%) (n = 4295) | LAAO, No. (%) (n = 4295) | Standardized Difference, % | ||
| Surgery types | ||||||
| CABG | 54206 (75.9) | 2012 (46.0) | 1924 (44.8) | 2006 (46.7) | 3.8 | |
| Mechanical valve replacement | 6006 (8.4) | 386 (8.8) | 408 (9.5) | 386 (9.0) | 1.8 | |
| Bioprosthetic valve replacement | 14405 (20.2) | 1506 (34.4) | 1531 (35.6) | 1493 (34.8) | 1.9 | |
| Valve repair | 5134 (7.2) | 1227 (28.1) | 1183 (27.5) | 1161 (27.0) | 1.1 | |
| CABG + valve surgery | 8343 (11.7) | 757 (17.3) | 751 (17.5) | 751 (17.5) | 0.0 | |
| Valves treated during valve surgerya | ||||||
| Aortic | 17 697 (69.3) | 1174 (37.6) | 1251 (40.1) | 1173 (38.6) | 3.0 | |
| Mitral | 7276 (28.5) | 1946 (62.4) | 1871 (59.9) | 1867 (61.4) | 3.0 | |
| Tricuspid or pulmonary | 2125 (8.3) | 451 (14.5) | 422 (13.5) | 432 (14.2) | 2.0 | |
| Both mitral and aortic valves | 636 (2.5) | 121 (3.9) | 133 (4.3) | 120 (3.9) | ||
| On-pump surgery | 48 723 (68.2) | 3467 (79.3) | 3388 (78.9) | 3390 (78.9) | 0.1 | |
| Preoperative hemodynamic instabilityb | 731 (1.0) | 25 (0.6) | 30 (0.7) | 25 (0.6) | 1.5 | |
| Year of index procedure | ||||||
| 2009 | 7922 (11.1) | 230 (5.3) | 263 (6.1) | 230 (5.4) | 3.3 | |
| 2010 | 7910 (11.1) | 326 (7.5) | 310 (7.2) | 326 (7.6) | 1.4 | |
| 2011 | 8028 (11.2) | 347 (7.9) | 338 (7.9) | 347 (8.1) | 0.8 | |
| 2012 | 8372 (11.7) | 412 (9.4) | 402 (9.4) | 411 (9.6) | 0.7 | |
| 2013 | 9078 (12.7) | 593 (13.6) | 600 (14.0) | 587 (13.7) | 0.9 | |
| 2014 | 8278 (11.6) | 599 (13.7) | 568 (13.2) | 590 (13.7) | 1.5 | |
| 2015 | 8751 (12.3) | 754 (17.2) | 759 (17.7) | 731 (17.0) | 1.7 | |
| 2016 | 10322 (14.5) | 887 (20.3) | 859 (20.0) | 855 (19.9) | 0.2 | |
| 2017 | 2747 (3.8) | 226 (5.2) | 196 (4.6) | 218 (5.1) | 2.4 | |
| Length of baseline period, yc | 3.7 (3.3) | 3.9 (3.3) | 3.9 (3.3) | 3.9 (3.3) | 0.8 | |
Abbreviations: CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; LAAO, surgical occlusion of the left atrial appendage.
a
Proportions calculated among patients who underwent valve surgery.
b
Includes cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, and resuscitation within 1 week before the procedure.
c
Time period before the surgery, which was used to establish patients’ medical history. Concomitant Maze procedure was performed in 2196 of the patients (2.9%), including 1068 (24.4%) of patients who underwent LAAO and 1128 (1.6%) of patients who did not undergo LAAO.