TABLE 7.

Main recent clinical trials in pulmonary arterial hypertension with either negative result or tolerability/safety issues

Study/compound(s)	Phase	End-point: result	Formal presentation [ref.]	Published [ref.]
ASA-STAT: aspirin and simvastatin	2	6MWD: lack of efficacy	Yes	Yes [103]
ARROW: selonsertib (ASK-1 inhibitor)	2	6MWD: lack of efficacy	Yes [62]	No
Cicletanine (antihypertensive with vasorelaxant and diuretic properties)	2	PVR: lack of efficacy	Yes [104]	No
Aviptadil (vasoactive intestinal peptide)	2	PVR: lack of efficacy	Yes [105]	No
IMPRES: imatinib (tyrosine kinase inhibitor)	3	6MWD: positive tolerability and safety issues	Yes	Yes [45]
Terguride (partial dopamine agonist and serotonin receptor antagonist)	2	6MWD: lack of efficacy	Yes [68]	No
LIBERTY: ubenimex (leukotriene B4 inhibitor)	2	PVR: lack of efficacy	No	No

6MWD: 6-min walk distance; ASK1: apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1; PVR: pulmonary vascular resistance.