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. 2019 Jan 23;9:744. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00744

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Copyright © 2019 Li, Zhuang, Zhao and Li.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Graphic illustration of Mechanisms of lncRNAs playing functions. (1) lncRNAs can titrate transcription factors away from chromatin; (2) lncRNAs can serve as a scaffold to form ribonucleoprotein complexes; (3) lncRNAs can recruit chromatin-modifying enzymes to target genes; (4) lncRNAs can be precursors of small regulatory RNAs; (5–8) lncRNAs can regulate processes such as RNA splicing, translation and decay, in addition to miRNA binding; (9–11) lncRNAs can participate in protein–protein interactions, regulate protein activity and present as a structural component in the cytoplasm.