. 2019 Jan 29;9(2):13. doi: 10.1038/s41408-019-0174-z

Table 3.

IKZF1, IKZF3, and KPNA2 expression levels in MM cells according to clinical and prognostic subgroups

Variable			IKZF1 expression level		IKZF3 expression level		KPNA2 expression level
		n	Median	P value	Median	P value	Median	P value
Age, 10-year increase		214	60	0.06	60	0.32	60	0.98
Gender
Male		129	844	0.94	341	0.03	1582	0.8
Female		85	841	0.94	380	0.03	1678	0.8
Light chain type
κ		146	854	0.26	367	0.097	1647	0.33
λ		68	799	0.26	337	0.097	1600	0.33
ISS
I		80	797		341		1368
II		81	832	0.69	355	0.11	1594	0.5
III		53	886		406		1809
Cytogenetic risk group^a
Standard risk		155	850	0.53	357	0.8	1588	0.99
High risk		40	872	0.53	371	0.8	1695	0.99
Cytogenetic risk group^b
Standard risk		149	844	0.66	355	0.5	1577	0.79
High risk		46	914	0.66	379	0.5	1702	0.79
Cytogenetic aberrations
gain 1q21	Yes	66	866	0.54	382	0.33	1702	0.87
	No	132	842	0.54	358	0.33	1579	0.87
gain 1q21 > 3	Yes	16	929	0.65	505	0.07	1691	0.77
	No	182	847	0.65	356	0.07	1582	0.77
gain 5p15	Yes	87	1057	<0.001	403	0.0013	1881	0.0026
	No	98	745	<0.001	321	0.0013	1371	0.0026
gain 5q35	Yes	85	1075	<0.001	403	0.0013	1798	0.026
	No	100	745	<0.001	327	0.0013	1458	0.026
gain 5	Yes	82	1096	<0.001	404	<0.001	1810	0.01
	No	103	748	<0.001	321	<0.001	1456	0.01
del 8p21	Yes	48	1052	0.14	417	0.074	1939	0.085
	No	138	802	0.14	336	0.074	1520	0.085
gain 9q34	Yes	109	1018	<0.001	366	0.057	1735	0.035
	No	78	745	<0.001	337	0.057	1308	0.035
gain 11q23	Yes	111	998	0.015	366	0.34	1551	0.7
	No	87	798	0.015	359	0.34	1702	0.7
del 13q14	Yes	100	811	0.14	358	0.83	1577	0.18
	No	98	976	0.14	378	0.83	1798	0.18
gain 15q22	Yes	100	1015	<0.001	372	0.041	1761	0.044
	No	87	762	<0.001	334	0.041	1492	0.044
gain 19q13	Yes	100	1037	<0.001	402	0.0023	1881	0.01
	No	86	725	<0.001	304	0.0023	1408	0.01
del 17p13	Yes	24	823	0.38	362	0.77	2044	0.37
	No	174	854	0.38	359	0.77	1582	0.37
t(4;14)	Yes	19	858	0.48	377	0.8	1459	0.21
	No	177	850	0.48	359	0.8	1606	0.21
t(6:14)	Yes	3	646	0.26	325	0.85	2345	0.49
	No	184	847	0.26	357	0.85	1575	0.49
t(11;14)	Yes	46	646	<0.001	225	<0.001	1064	0.0062
	No	144	1019	<0.001	388	<0.001	1712	0.0062
t(14;16)	Yes	7	1075	0.51	568	0.21	1789	0.58
	No	190	850	0.51	359	0.21	1588	0.58
Hyperdiploidy	Yes	94	1033	<0.001	384	0.0049	1951	0.0023
	No	93	762	<0.001	321	0.0049	1334	0.0023
Immunophenotypic prognostic markers
CD27	Positive	196	807	0.5	357	0.39	1579	0.42
	Negative	7	959	0.5	307	0.39	1215	0.42
CD81	Positive	140	801	0.59	357	0.97	1432	0.046
	Negative	62	997	0.59	364	0.97	1919	0.046

Median expression levels and P values are presented for clinical and prognostic subgroups. The P values for categorical prognostic factors are calculated by the Kruskal−Wallis test. For the continuous values of age the linear regression was used. Bold P values indicate statistical significance. KPNA2 expression levels were measured in 108 patients

A gain at chromosome 5 was considered positive when a gain at both 5p15 and 5q35 was present

Hyperdiploidy was defined as trisomy of at least two of three chromosomes: 5, 9, and 15

del deletion, ISS International Staging System

^aCytogenetic high-risk group: presence of del17p and/or t(4;14) and/or a gain at 1q of >3 copies

^b Cytogenetic high-risk group: presence of del17p and/or t(4;14) and/or t(14;16)