Table 3.
Particulate matter and allergic rhinitis
| Study | Country | Pollutants | Exposure time | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wang et al. 2016 [26] | Taiwan | PM2.5 | Lifetime | Increased lifetime AR (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.03–2.32) |
| Wood et al. 2015 [27] | UK | PM2.5, PM10 | Annual mean concentrations | Increased current AR (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.08–1.78 for PM2.5 and OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.04–1.28 for PM10) |
| Penard-Morand et al. 2010 [28] | France | PM10 | 3-year average concentration | Increased lifetime AR (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01–1.44) |
| Deng et al. 2016 [29] | China | PM10 | During the first year of life | Increased lifetime AR (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.07–2.21) |
| Fuertes et al. 2013 [30] | meta-analysis | PM2.5 | Birth addresses | Increased AR at the age of 7–8 years (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.01-1.86) |
| Liu et al. 2013 [31] | China | PM10 | 3-year average concentration | Not associated with lifetime AR |
| Hwang et al. 2006 [32] | Taiwan | PM10 | Annual mean concentrations | Not associated with AR prevalence |
| Deng et al. 2016 [33] | China | PM10 | During pregnancy | Not associated with AR incidence |
| Hoek et al. 2012 [17] | Meta-analysis | PM10 | Not associated with AR diagnosis | |
| Gehring et al. 2015 [15] | Four European birth cohort | PM2.5, PM10 | Birth and current addresses | Not associated with AR incidence and prevalence |
PM, particulate matter; AR, allergic rhinitis; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.