Table 5.
Particulate matter and allergic sensitization
| Study | Country | Pollutants | Exposure time | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Penard-Morand et al. 2010 [28] | France | PM10 | 3-year average concentration | Increased pollen sensitization (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.09–1.68) |
| Oftedal et al. 2007 [44] | Norway | PM10 | First year of life and lifetime | Not associated with sensitization |
| Morgenstern et al. 2008 [41] | Germany | PM2.5 | During the first 6 years of life | Increased sensitization to any inhalant (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.21– 1.74) and pollen (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.23–1.87) at the age of 6 years |
| Brauer et al. 2007 [45], Gehring et al. 2010 [4] | Netherlands | PM2.5 | Birth addresses | Increased sensitization to food allergens at the age of 4 years but not at 8 years. Not associated with sensitization to inhalant allergens at neither 4 or 8years |
| Gruzieva et al. 2012 [46] | Sweden | PM10 | During the first year of life | Not associated with sensitization |
| Gruzieva et al. 2014 [47] | Meta-analysis | PM2.5, PM10 | Birth and current addresses | Not associated with sensitization |
| Bowatte et al. 2015 [48] | Meta-analysis | PM2.5 | From birth to 5 years of age | Increased sensitization to outdoor aeroallergens (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.14-1.62) but not indoor aeroallergens (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.80-1.24) |
PM, particulate matter; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.