Table 1.
Characteristics of the instruments used in the study
| Scale/ Subscale | Number of items | Score | Responses | Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
European Heart Failure Self‐Care Behavior Scale (EHFScB)a
)
Consulting |
12 4 |
12‐60 4‐20 |
5‐point scale 1 to 5 (completely agree/disagree) Higher score indicates worse self‐care |
0.938 |
| Dutch Heart Failure Knowledge Scale (DHFKS)b ) | 15 | 0‐15 |
Multiple‐ choice items, one correct Higher score indicates more knowledge |
0.956 |
| Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS)c ) | 10 | 0‐10 |
10‐point scale (0=None to 10=Worst possible) |
|
|
Sense of Security (SEC‐P)d
)
Interaction Identity Mastery |
15 8 4 3 |
15‐90 8‐48 4‐24 3‐18 |
6‐point Likert scale (1=Never to 6= Always) Higher score indicates more sense of security |
0.896 |
| Health status (EQ‐VAS)e ) | 1 | 0‐100 |
Visual analogue scale Higher score indicates better health status |
|
|
The Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ)f
)
Clinical Summary Score Overall Summary Score Domains: Physical limitation Symptoms Social limitation Self‐efficacy Quality of life |
23 13 20 6 8 4 2 3 |
0‐100 |
Likert scale with 5 ‐ 7 options Scales are transformed to a range from 0‐100. Higher scores denote better health status |
0.913 0.941 0.871 0.874 0.865 0.604 0.776 |
|
Symptoms of anxiety and depression (HAD‐S)g
)
Anxiety Depression |
14 7 7 |
0‐21 0‐7 0‐7 |
4‐point Likert scale Higher scores indicate more symptoms |
0.860 0.821 |
a
European Heart Failure Self‐care Scale EHFScBs‐12 (Jaarsma et al.23).
b
Dutch Heart Failure Knowledge Scale (van der Wal et al.24).
c
Edmonton Symptom Assessment System ESAS (Richardson and Jones25).
d
Sense of Security in Care – ‘Patients' evaluation’ (SEC‐P) (Krevers and Milberg26).
e
The health‐related quality of life aspects—visual analogue scale (EQ‐5Dvas) (Brooks27).
g
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (Zigmond and Snaith30).