Table 1.
Distribution of baseline characteristics according to disease.
| HF (n = 54) | COPD (n = 56) | Both (n = 17) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (SD) | 78.4 (8.3) | 73.4(8.4) | 75.8(9.6) | 0.010 |
| Male (%) | 24 (44.4) | 43 (76.8) | 16 (94.1) | <0.01 |
| Diabetes mellitus 2 (%) | 27 (50.0) | 11 (19.6) | 6 (35.3) | 0.002 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 16 (29.6) | 21 (37.5) | 5 (29.4) | 0.707 |
| Active smoking (%) | 2 (3.7) | 13 (23.2) | 1 (5.9) | 0.008 |
| Treatment with bradycardia-inducing drug (previous to current exacerbation) (%) | 37 (68.5) | 7 (12.5) | 12 (70.6) | <0.01 |
| Previous hospitalization due to cardiac/respiratory disease (SD) | 0.9 (1.2) | 1.9 (1.9) | 1.7 (1.4) | 0.007 |
| Length of stay in days (SD) | 9 (8.1) | 11.3 (11.4) | 7.9 (7.0) | 0.445 |
| Baseline evaluation time (days previous to discharge) (SD) | 2.3 (3.8) | 3.8 (4.4) | 2.9 (2.7) | 0.299 |
| Dyspnea (NYHA) (%) | ||||
| I | 16 (29.6) | 16 (28.6) | 5 (29.4) | 0.924 |
| II | 22 (40.7) | 20 (35.7) | 8 (47.1) | |
| III | 16 (29.6) | 20 (35.7) | 4 (23.5) | |
| Dyspnea (mMRC) (%) | ||||
| 0 | 12 (22.2) | 14 (25) | 4 (23.5) | 0.391 |
| 1 | 6 (11.1) | 9 (16.1) | 2 (11.8) | |
| 2 | 13 (24.1) | 16 (28.6) | 4 (23.5) | |
| 3 | 23 (42.6) | 17 (30.4) | 7 (41.2) | |
| Body mass index (SD) | 26.7 (4.6) | 25.2 (4.4) | 26.8 (8.2) | 0.235 |
| Osteoarthritis (%) | 35 (64.8) | 25 (44.6) | 7 (41.2) | 0.055 |
Dyspnea results correspond to the degree of limitation at the moment of baseline evaluation (exacerbation phase at hospital). HF: heart failure; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NYHA: New York Heart Association; mMRC: modified Medical Research Council; SD: standard deviation; %: percentage; n: sample size.