Table 1.
The characteristics of the six included studies.
| Study/year | Location | Design | AKI Criteria | Population | Sample Time | Storage | Assay | Test Kit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basiratnia/2017 [24] | Iran | PC | AKIN | Pediatric | Immediately at diagnosis of AKI | −20 °C, no centrifugation | ELISA | PhiCal® Calprotectin, catalogue number K 6928; Immundiagnostik AG, Bensheim, Germany |
| Chang/2015 [17] | Taiwan | PC | KDIGO | Adult CCU | Immediately at admission | −80 °C, centrifugation | ELISA | R&D Systems, DLCN20, McKinley Place NE Minneapolis; MPLS, USA and Phi Cal® Calprotectin, K 6935; and Immundiagnostik AG, Bensheim, Germany |
| Heller/2011 [13] | Germany | PC | AKIN | Adult | Within 3 days | −20 °C, no centrifugation | ELISA | PhiCal® Calprotectin, catalog number K 6935; Immundiagnostik AG, Bensheim, Germany |
| Seibert/2013 [5] | Germany | PC | AKIN | Adult | NR | −20 °C, no centrifugation | ELISA | PhiCal® Calprotectin, catalog number K 6935; Immundiagnostik AG, Bensheim, Germany |
| Seibert/2017 [14] | Germany | PC | AKIN | Adult transplant | At admission or on clinics | −20 °C, no centrifugation | ELISA | PhiCal® Calprotectin, catalogue number K 6928; Immundiagnostik AG, Bensheim, Germany |
| Westhoff/2016 [15] | Germany | PC | pRIFLE | Pediatric | Immediately at diagnosis or after admission with AKI. | −80 °C, centrifugation | ELISA | PhiCal® Calprotectin; Immundiagnostik AG, Bensheim, Germany |
Abbreviation: AKI (acute kidney injury), AKIN (Acute Kidney Injury Network), CCU (coronary care unit), ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), KDIGO (Kidney Disease Global Outcomes), NR (not reported), pRIFLE (pediatric Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of kidney function and End stage kidney disease), PC (prospective cohort).