Table 4.
Hazard ratios (95% CI) of development of each metabolic abnormality according to self-rated health category and obesity.
| Subgroup | Self-Rated Health Category | p for Trend | p for Interaction | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Very Good | Good | Fair | Bad or Very Bad | |||
| Any metabolic abnormality | 0.039 | |||||
| <25 kg/m2 (n = 79,012) | reference | 0.94 (0.89–1.01) | 0.98 (0.92–1.04) | 0.97 (0.90–1.04) | 0.151 | |
| ≥25 kg/m2 (n = 6365) | reference | 1.05 (0.89–1.23) | 1.13 (0.96–1.32) | 1.27 (1.04–1.54) | 0.005 | |
| Hypertriglyceridemia | 0.300 | |||||
| <25 kg/m2 (n = 79,012) | reference | 0.98 (0.86–1.12) | 1.07 (0.94–1.23) | 1.04 (0.89–1.23) | 0.005 | |
| ≥25 kg/m2 (n = 6365) | reference | 1.24 (0.92–1.66) | 1.33 (0.99–1.78) | 1.51 (1.06–2.14) | 0.032 | |
| Pre-diabetes | 0.080 | |||||
| <25 kg/m2 (n = 79,012) | reference | 0.93 (0.83–1.04) | 0.92 (0.83–1.03) | 0.89 (0.78–1.02) | 0.195 | |
| ≥25 kg/m2 (n = 6365) | reference | 1.26 (0.95–1.67) | 1.31 (0.99–1.73) | 1.40 (1.00–1.96) | 0.192 | |
| Pre-hypertension | 0.094 | |||||
| <25 kg/m2 (n = 79,012) | reference | 1.00 (0.83–1.22) | 1.03 (0.85–1.24) | 0.89 (0.70–1.13) | 0.722 | |
| ≥25 kg/m2 (n = 6365) | reference | 0.88 (0.63–1.24) | 0.95 (0.68–1.33) | 1.19 (0.79–1.81) | 0.202 | |
| Low HDL-C | 0.384 | |||||
| <25 kg/m2 (n = 79,012) | reference | 0.96 (0.80–1.15) | 1.03 (0.86–1.23) | 0.96 (0.78–1.18) | 0.337 | |
| ≥25 kg/m2 (n = 6365) | reference | 1.45 (0.90–2.35) | 1.50 (0.93–2.41) | 1.59 (0.92–2.75) | 0.261 | |
| High HOMA-IR | 0.528 | |||||
| <25 kg/m2 (n = 79,012) | reference | 1.20 (0.99–1.46) | 1.40 (1.16–1.70) | 1.58 (1.28–1.95) | <0.001 | |
| ≥25 kg/m2 (n = 6365) | reference | 0.96 (0.70–1.32) | 1.19 (0.88–1.62) | 1.43 (0.99–2.04) | 0.001 | |
| Fatty liver | <0.001 | |||||
| <25 kg/m2 (n = 79,012) | reference | 1.00 (0.87–1.15) | 1.05 (0.92–1.21) | 1.02 (0.86–1.21) | 0.037 | |
| ≥25 kg/m2 (n = 6365) | reference | 1.16 (0.90–1.50) | 1.46 (1.14–1.87) | 1.75 (1.30–2.35) | <0.001 | |
| High CRP | 0.030 | |||||
| <25 kg/m2 (n = 79,012) | reference | 0.93 (0.84–1.02) | 0.93 (0.85–1.03) | 0.93 (0.83–1.05) | 0.909 | |
| ≥25 kg/m2 (n = 6365) | reference | 1.23 (0.95–1.58) | 1.31 (1.02–1.68) | 1.47 (1.09–1.99) | 0.106 | |
Estimated from parametric proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, centre, year of screening exam, smoking status, alcohol intake, total calorie intake, oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy, male sex hormone, sleep duration, CESD, physical activity, and education. BMI: body mass index, CESD: the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, CI: confidence interval, HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, HR: hazard ratios, hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.