Figure 6.

Schematic illustration of metabolic disturbances associated with poor outcomes of liver transplants.Metabolites that increased in the plasma level in early allograft dysfunction are labeled in red (i.e., PC) whereas those that decreased in level are labeled in light blue (i.e., TG and CE). The enzymes involved in the de novo synthesis of TG, PC and CE, including stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT), and microsomal glycerol phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT), are located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. PC, phosphatidylcholine; CE, cholesteryl ester; TG, triacylglycerol. HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; VLDL, very low density lipoprotein; IDL, intermediate density lipoprotein; AA, amino acid; FFA, free fatty acid.