. 2019 Jan 12;8(1):86. doi: 10.3390/jcm8010086

Table 1.

Levels of heavy metals from amalgams (A), titanium dental implants and crowns (cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) and chromium.

Metal (µg/g Hair)	Control (Cont)	Amalgams (A)	Amalgams+ Implants (A + I)	p-Value (H or F)
Hg²⁺	1.28 ± 0.51	2.72 ± 0.24 *	2.67 ± 0.29 *	H = 8.4, p = 0.015
Sn	0.3 ± 0.18	0.9 ± 0.32	0.57 ± 0.19	H = 1.84, p = 0.44; n.s.
Cu²⁺	29.1 ± 7.4	41.8 ± 12	29.1 ± 5.7	H = 3.93, p = 0.14; n.s.
Zn²⁺	185 ± 9.3	211 ± 12.8 *	217 ± 7.4 *	H = 5.8, p = 0.05
Ti	0.44 ± 0.037	0.47 ± 0.07	0.48 ± 0.065	H = 1.02 p = 0.6; n.s.
Al	2.08 ± 0.1	4.88 ± 0.82 *	3.37 ± 0.4 *	F = 14.5, p < 0.001
V	0.058 ± 0.018	0.039 ± 0.0033 *	0.028 ± 0.003 *^,#	H = 11.63, p = 0.003
Ni	0.13 ± 0.06	0.159 ± 0.04	0.39 ± 0.18 *^,#	H = 6.6, p = 0.037
Co	0.017 ± 0.0045	0.014 ± 0.0034	0.026 ± 0.0049 ^#	H = 13.9, p < 0.001
Cr	0.35 ± 0.13	0.35 ± 0.013	0.35 ± 0.01	F = 0.12, p = 0.88; n.s.

* p < 0.05 vs. Control ^# p < 0.05 vs. Amalgam. H, the Kruskal Wallis value; F, the data for ANOVA.