. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jan 30.

Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Cancer. 2012 Sep 21;12(10):671–684. doi: 10.1038/nrc3322

Table 1 |.

Phenotypic and functional characteristics of T memory stem cells

Species	Phenotype	Anatomical location	Antigen specificity	Homeostasis	Evidence of stemness
Mouse	CD44⁻, CD62L⁺, CCR7⁺, SCA1⁺, IL-2RB⁺, BCL-2⁺ and CXCR3⁺ (REFS 51,52)	Not extensively characterized. Described in peripheral blood, spleen, lymph nodes and liver⁵¹	Alloantigens⁵¹	Enhanced proliferative response in lymphopaenic hosts. MHC class I independence⁵²	Self-renewal and multipotency on serial transplantation⁵²
Non-human primates	CD45RA⁺, CD62L⁺, CCR7⁺, CD27⁺ CD28⁺, IL-7RA⁺, CD95⁺, IL-2RB⁺, BCL-2⁺ and CXCR3⁺ (REF. 53)	Preferential homing to lymphoid tissues. Almost completely absent in the gut⁵³	Simian immunodeficinecy virus⁵³	In vivo and in vitro proliferative responses to IL-15 (REF. 53)	Long-term persistence in the absence of antigenic stimuli⁵³
Human	CD45RA⁺, CD62L⁺, CCR7⁺, CD27⁺, CD28⁺, IL-7RA⁺, CD45RO⁻, CD95⁺, IL-2RB⁺, BCL-2⁺ and CXCR3⁺ (REF. 19)	Not extensively characterized. Described in peripheral and cord blood¹⁹	Influenza, CMV and MART1 (REF. 19)	Enhanced proliferative response in immunodeficient mice. In vitro proliferative responses to IL-15 (REF. 19)	Self-renewal and multipotency in in vitro assay. Enhanced engraftment in xenograft models¹⁹

CMV, cytomegalovirus; CXCR3, chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3; IL, interleukin; MART1, melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells 1.