Kamath 2014.

Methods	Randomized, parallel, active‐controlled trial; multiple doses evaluated for 24 h
Participants	Type of surgery: cesarean sections and gynecological surgeries Paracetamol group Entered/completing: 51/50 Age (mean, SD): not reported Sex (male, %): 100% female Butorphanol group Entered/completing: 50/50 Age (mean, SD): not reported Sex (male, %): 100% female
Interventions	Paracetamol: 1 g IV every 8 h Butorphanol 2 mg IV every 12 h
Outcomes	Primary: pain intensity Secondary: administration of rescue medication (tramadol), timing of rescue medication, adverse effects
Source of funding	ICMR under STS program
Were treatment groups comparable at baseline?	Not reported
Details of preoperative pain	Not reported
Notes	Poster presentation
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	High risk	Not described; due to the fact that the study was likely unblinded we categorized this as high risk also
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Not described; assume to be unblinded
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	One participant was not accounted for in the presentation of graphical results
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Timing of rescue medication was not presented in Results. No data for pain scores reported.
Size	Unclear risk	50 to 199 participants per arm of the study (51 paracetamol, 50 placebo)