Mimoz 2001.

Methods	Randomized, placebo‐ and active‐controlled Medications administered at completion of surgery
Participants	Type of surgery: hepatic resection Propacetamol group Entered/completing: unclear/38 Age (median, range): 49 (28 to 75) Sex (male, %): 40 Nefopam group Entered/completing: unclear/36 Age (median, range): 57 (21 to 75) Sex (male, %): 53 Placebo group Entered/completing: unclear/38 Age (median, range): 57 (27 to 75) Sex (male, %): 58
Interventions	Intervention: 2 g propacetamol over 15 min Control: 20 mg nefopam over 60 min Placebo: no treatment
Outcomes	Primary: opioid consumption (morphine via PCA) Pain intensity (VAS) Patient satisfaction (categorical)
Source of funding	Not reported
Were treatment groups comparable at baseline?	Yes: sex, weight, height, ASA physical status, duration of surgery and anesthesia, sufentanil and midazolam cumulative doses, VAS score at extubation, and morphine dose for titration Participants in the propacetamol group were younger versus other 2 groups. Compared with the propacetamol group, participants in the nefopam group had lower VAS scores at extubation and longer intervals between the completion of hepatic resection and extubation.
Details of preoperative pain	Participants receiving chronic anaΙgesic or anti‐inflammatory treatment were excluded
Notes	—
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	High risk	Open study
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Open study
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	From 120 participants 8 were withdrawn for various reasons. Data from all remaining participants were used in the analyses.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All outcomes from Methods section reported in Results section
Size	High risk	Fewer than 50 participants per arm of the study (38 propacetamol, 36 nefopam, 38 placebo)