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. 2016 May 23;2016(5):CD007126. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007126.pub3

Unal 2013.

Methods Administration of IV paracetamol versus IV dexketoprofen versus placebo during incision closure
Participants Type of surgery: total abdominal hysterectomy
Paracetamol group
Entered/completing: 21/20
Age (mean, SD): 48.1 ± 3.6
Sex (male, %): 0
Dexketoprofen group
Entered/completing: 22/20
Age (mean, SD): 47.7 ± 5.9
Sex (male, %): 0
Placebo group
Entered/completing: 21/20
Age (mean, SD): 48.1 ± 4.5
Sex (male, %): 0
Interventions Paracetamol 1 g/100 ml in 15 min IV infusion, then every 6 h for 24 h
Dexketoprofen: 50 mg in 100 ml 15 min IV infusion, then every 8 h for 24 h
Placebo: normal saline 100 ml 15 min IV infusion, then every 6 h for 24 h
Outcomes Primary: differences in cumulative 24 h morphine consumption
Secondary: VAS pain scores, adverse events, patient satisfaction
Source of funding None
Were treatment groups comparable at baseline? Yes: weight, height, BMI, ASA 1/2, anesthesia duration, surgery duration
Details of preoperative pain Participants with preoperative pain or regular analgesic use excluded
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Low risk Computer‐generated block random allocation
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Low risk Sealed, opaque envelopes
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) 
 All outcomes Unclear risk Unblinded person preparing drugs, blinded person assessed outcomes. Unclear if the solutions looked the same.
Drug administration frequency different among groups (3 versus four times daily), so blinding might have been compromised
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) 
 All outcomes Low risk Number of dropouts low, evenly distributed among groups and reasons for dropout do not appear to be related to treatment
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Unclear risk Incomplete description of methodology for patient satisfaction assessment and incomplete presentation of data
Size High risk Fewer than 50 participants per arm of the study (21 paracetamol, 22 dexketoprofen, 21 placebo)