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. 2018 Aug 28;2018(8):CD012498. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012498.pub2

Kumar 2016.

Methods Active controlled, parallel group, single dose, single center. Assessments up to 6 h postinterventions. Interventions administered once participants reported moderate pain.
Participants Type of surgery: elective (no further details)
Diclofenac group
Entered/completing: 30/30
Age (mean, SD): 36.7 ± 12.9
Sex (male, %): 15, 50%
Tramadol group
Entered/completing: 30/30
Age (mean, SD): 41.5 ± 15.1
Sex (male, %): 14, 47%
Interventions Diclofenac: 75 mg in 100 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride, single dose administered over 30 minutes in the recovery room
Tramadol: 100 mg in 100 mL 0.9% sodium chloride, as with diclofenac
Outcomes Time to onset of analgesia (not defined)
Duration of analgesia (not defined)
Vital signs
Adverse events
Notes States that participants were blinded, but no mention of investigator blinding. Authors did not reply to request for clarification.