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. 2017 Jul 7;2017(7):CD006396. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006396.pub4

Comparison 3. HPD (plugs) with instructions vs without instructions (immediate) ‐ RCT.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 Noise attenuation at 0.5 kHz (REAT) 1 40 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 12.69 [7.69, 17.69]
1.1 EAR foam plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 16.30 [5.93, 26.67]
1.2 UltraFit plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 11.6 [5.89, 17.31]
2 Noise attenuation at 1 kHz (REAT) 1 40 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 13.31 [8.13, 18.50]
2.1 EAR foam plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 15.40 [5.62, 25.18]
2.2 UltraFit plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 12.5 [6.39, 18.61]
3 Noise attenuation at 2 kHz (REAT) 1 40 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 9.62 [4.52, 14.72]
3.1 EAR foam plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 7.90 [‐1.21, 17.01]
3.2 UltraFit plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 10.40 [4.25, 16.55]
4 Noise attenuation at 3 kHz (REAT) 1 40 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 6.71 [2.66, 10.76]
4.1 EAR foam plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 6.20 [‐1.54, 13.94]
4.2 UltraFit plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 6.90 [2.15, 11.65]
5 Noise attenuation at 4 kHz (REAT) 1 40 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 7.97 [3.60, 12.34]
5.1 EAR foam plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 6.00 [‐1.23, 13.23]
5.2 UltraFit plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 9.10 [3.62, 14.58]
6 Noise attenuation at 6 kHz (REAT) 1 40 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 12.13 [6.21, 18.05]
6.1 EAR foam plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 9.2 [‐1.87, 20.27]
6.2 UltraFit plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 13.3 [6.30, 20.30]
7 Noise attenuation at 8 kHz (REAT) 1 40 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 11.07 [4.51, 17.64]
7.1 EAR foam plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 7.60 [‐0.97, 16.17]
7.2 UltraFit plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 14.3 [6.11, 22.49]
8 Mean noise attenuation over 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 kHz (REAT) 2 140 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 8.59 [6.92, 10.25]
8.1 Moldex Comets, EN352, USA 1 100 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 8.34 [6.58, 10.10]
8.2 EAR foam plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 9.8 [0.60, 19.00]
8.3 UltraFit plugs 1 20 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 11.16 [4.87, 17.45]