| Methods |
Country: USA
Recruitment: community volunteers |
| Participants |
62 smokers in relevant arms
50% female, average cpd 28, average age 43.5 |
| Interventions |
1. Brief cognitive behavioral relapse prevention (CBRP) , 15‐min sessions
2. Intensive CBRP with nicotine gum (2 mg)
3. Intensive CBRP with cue exposure
4. Intensive CBRP with cue exposure + nicotine gum
Level of support: high (5 group sessions within 3 weeks of TQD) |
| Outcomes |
Sustained abstinence, 12 months and all previous follow‐ups (1, 3, 6 months)
Validation: CO < 8 ppm |
| Notes |
4 vs 3, behavioural support not identical in others. No placebo
Study was supported by Department of Veterans Affairs |
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
Not stated |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
Not stated |
| Blinding (performance bias and detection bias)
All outcomes |
Unclear risk |
Quote: "Counselors were kept blind to the relapse prevention condition to which subjects were assigned". Participants not blinded, and no placebo |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes |
Low risk |
Losses to follow‐up fully reported |
